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diff -rup numad-0.5git/numad.8 numad-0.5git-new/numad.8
--- numad-0.5git/numad.8	2012-12-03 15:40:40.000000000 +0100
+++ numad-0.5git-new/numad.8	2016-08-30 08:45:19.000000000 +0200
@@ -1,45 +1,56 @@
 .TH "numad" "8" "1.0.0" "Bill Gray" "Administration"
-.SH "numad"
-.LP 
+.SH "NAME"
+.LP
 numad \- A user\-level daemon that provides placement advice and process
 management for efficient use of CPUs and memory on systems with NUMA topology.
-.SH "SYNTAX"
-.LP 
+.SH "SYNOPSIS"
+.LP
 numad [\fI\-dhvV\fP]
-.br 
-.LP 
-numad  [\fI\-D non-standard-cgroup-mount-point\fP]
-.br 
-.LP 
+.br
+.LP
+numad  [\fI\-C 0|1\fP]
+.br
+.LP
+numad  [\fI\-H THP_hugepage_scan_sleep_ms\fP]
+.br
+.LP
 numad  [\fI\-i [min_interval:]max_interval\fP]
-.br 
-.LP 
+.br
+.LP
 numad  [\fI\-K 0|1\fP]
-.br 
-.LP 
+.br
+.LP
 numad  [\fI\-l log_level\fP]
-.br 
-.LP 
+.br
+.LP
+numad  [\fI\-m target_memory_locality\fP]
+.br
+.LP
 numad  [\fI\-p PID\fP]
-.br 
-.LP 
+.br
+.LP
 numad  [\fI\-r PID\fP]
-.br 
-.LP 
+.br
+.LP
+numad  [\fI\-R reserved-CPU-list\fP]
+.br
+.LP
 numad  [\fI\-S 0|1\fP]
-.br 
-.LP 
+.br
+.LP
+numad  [\fI\-t logical_CPU_percent\fP]
+.br
+.LP
 numad  [\fI\-u target_utilization\fP]
-.br 
-.LP 
+.br
+.LP
 numad  [\fI\-w NCPUS[:MB]\fP]
-.br 
-.LP 
+.br
+.LP
 numad  [\fI\-x PID\fP]
-.br 
-
+.br
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
-.LP 
+.LP
 Numad is a system daemon that monitors NUMA topology and resource usage. It
 will attempt to locate processes for efficient NUMA locality and affinity,
 dynamically adjusting to changing system conditions.  Numad also provides
@@ -53,25 +64,42 @@ large in-memory database application, fo
 accesses will likely remain unpredictable -- numad will probably not improve
 performance.
 .SH "OPTIONS"
-.LP 
-.TP 
+.LP
+.TP
+\fB\-C\fR <\fI0|1\fP>
+This option controls whether or not numad treats inactive file cache as
+available memory. By default, numad assumes it can count inactive file cache as
+"free" memory when considering resources to match with processes.  Specify
+\fI\-C 0\fP if numad should instead consider inactive file cache as a consumed
+resource.
+.TP
 \fB\-d\fR
 Debug output in log, sets the log level to LOG_DEBUG.  Same effect as \fI\-l 7\fP.
 .TP
-\fB\-D\fR <\fInon-standard-cgroup-mount-point\fP>
-This option can be used to communicate a non-standard cgroup mount point to
-numad.  This is not normally necessary.
-.TP 
 \fB\-h\fR
 Display usage help information and then exit.
-.TP 
+.TP
+\fB\-H\fR  <\fITHP_scan_sleep_ms\fP>
+Set the desired transparent hugepage scan interval in ms.  The
+.na
+/sys/kernel/mm/tranparent_hugepage/khugepaged/scan_sleep_millisecs
+.ad
+tunable is usually set to 10000ms by the operating system.  The default is
+changed by numad to be 1000ms since it is helpful for the hugepage daemon to be
+more aggressive when memory moves between nodes.  Specifying (\fI\-H 0\fP) will
+cause numad to retain the system default value.  You can also make the hugepage
+daemon more or less aggressive by specifying an alternate value with this
+option.  For example, setting this value to 100ms (\fI\-H 100\fP) might improve
+the performance of workloads which use many transparent hugepages.
+.TP
 \fB\-i\fR <\fI[min_interval:]max_interval\fP>
 Sets the time interval that numad waits between system scans, in seconds to
 <\fImax_interval\fP>. Default <\fImax_interval\fP> is 15 seconds, default
 <\fImin_interval\fP> is 5 seconds.  Setting a <\fImax_interval\fP> of zero will
 cause the daemon to exit.  (This is the normal mechanism to terminate the
 daemon.)  A bigger <\fImax_interval\fP> will decrease numad overhead but also
-decrease responsiveness to changing loads.
+decrease responsiveness to changing loads.  The default numad max_interval can
+be changed in the numad.conf file.
 .TP
 \fB\-K\fR <\fI0|1\fP>
 This option controls whether numad keeps interleaved memory spread across NUMA
@@ -82,10 +110,24 @@ a large, single-instance application tha
 the workload will have continuous unpredictable memory access patterns (e.g. a
 large in-memory database), you might get better results by specifying \fI\-K
 1\fP to instruct numad to keep interleaved memory distributed.
-.TP 
+.TP
 \fB\-l\fR <\fIlog_level\fP>
 Sets the log level to <\fIlog_level\fP>.  Reasonable choices are 5, 6, or 7.
-The default value is 5.
+The default value is 5.  Note that CPU values are scaled by a factor of 100
+internally and in the numad log files.  Unfortunately, you don't actually have
+that many CPUs.
+.TP
+\fB\-m\fR  <\fItarget_memory_locality\fP>
+Set the desired memory locality threshold to stop moving process memory.  Numad
+might stop retrying to coalesce process memory when more than this percentage
+of the process's memory is already localized in the target node(s).  The
+default is 90%. Numad will frequently localize more than the localization
+threshold percent, but it will not necessarily do so.  Decrease the threshold
+to allow numad to leave more process memory distributed on various nodes.
+Increase the threshold to instruct numad to try to localize more memory.
+Acceptable values are between 50 and 100 percent.  Note that setting the target
+memory locality to 100% might cause numad to continually retry to move memory
+that the kernel will never succesfully move.
 .TP
 \fB\-p\fR <\fIPID\fP>
 Add PID to explicit inclusion list of processes to consider for managing, if
@@ -102,6 +144,12 @@ processes.  After daemon start, only one
 process lists per subsequent numad invocation.  Use with \-S and \-p and \-x to
 precisely control the scope of processes numad can manage.
 .TP
+\fB\-R\fR <\fICPU_LIST\fP>
+Specify a list of CPUs that numad should assume are reserved for non-numad use.
+No processes will be bound to the specified CPUs by numad.  This option is
+effective only when starting numad.  You cannot change reserved CPUs
+dynamically while numad is already running.
+.TP
 \fB\-S\fR <\fI0|1\fP>
 This option controls whether numad scans all system processes or only the
 processes on the explicit inclusion PID list.  The default is to scan all
@@ -113,18 +161,30 @@ exclusion list).  Starting numad as
 .br
 will limit scanning, and thus also automatic NUMA management, to only those
 three explicitly specified processes.
-.TP 
+.TP
+\fB\-t\fR  <\fIlogical_CPU_percent\fP>
+Specify the resource value of logical CPUs.  Hardware threads typically share
+most core resources, and so logical CPUs add only a fraction of CPU power for
+many workloads.  By default numad considers logical CPUs to be only 20 percent
+of a dedicated hardware core.
+.TP
 \fB\-u\fR  <\fItarget_utilization\fP>
 Set the desired maximum consumption percentage of a node. Default is 85%.
 Decrease the target value to maintain more available resource margin on each
 node.  Increase the target value to more exhaustively consume node resources.
-.TP 
+If you have sized your workloads to precisely fit inside a NUMA node,
+specifying (\fI\-u 100\fP) might improve system performance by telling numad to
+go ahead and consume all the resources in each node.  It is possible to specify
+values up to 130 percent to oversubscribe CPUs in the nodes, but memory
+utilization is always capped at 100%.  Use oversubscription values very
+carefully.
+.TP
 \fB\-v\fR
 Verbose output in log, sets the log level to LOG_INFO.  Same effect as \fI\-l 6\fP.
-.TP 
+.TP
 \fB\-V\fR
 Display version information and exit.
-.TP 
+.TP
 \fB\-w\fR <\fINCPUS[:MB]\fP>
 Queries numad for the best NUMA nodes to bind an entity that needs
 <\fINCPUS\fP>.  The amount of memory (in MBs) is optional, but should normally
@@ -145,32 +205,37 @@ Add PID to explicit exclusion list of pr
 Multiple \fI\-x PID\fP options can be specified at daemon start, but after
 daemon start, only one PID can be added to the exclusion list per subsequent
 numad invocation.  Use with \-S to precisely control the scope of processes
-numad can manage.  
+numad can manage.
 .SH "FILES"
-.LP 
-\fI/usr/bin/numad\fP 
-.br 
-\fI/var/log/numad.log\fP 
-.br 
-\fI/var/run/numad.pid\fP 
+.LP
+\fI/usr/bin/numad\fP
+.br
+\fI/etc/numad.conf\fP
+.br
+\fI/var/log/numad.log\fP
+.br
+\fI/var/run/numad.pid\fP
 .SH "ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES"
-.LP 
-.TP 
+.LP
+.TP
 None.
 .SH "EXAMPLES"
-.LP 
-Numad is normally run as a system daemon and should be managed by the 
+.LP
+Numad can be run as a system daemon and can be managed by the
 standard init mechanisms of the host.
-.LP  
+.LP
 If interactive (manual) control is desired, you can start the daemon manually by typing:
-.LP 
+.LP
 /usr/bin/numad
 .LP
-Subsequent numad invocations while the daemon is running can be used to dynamically change run-time options.
+Subsequent numad invocations while the daemon is running can be used to dynamically change most run-time options.
+.LP
+You can terminate numad from running by typing:
+.LP
+/usr/bin/numad -i0
 .SH "AUTHORS"
-.LP 
+.LP
 Bill Gray <bgray@redhat.com>
 .SH "SEE ALSO"
-.LP 
+.LP
 numactl(8)
-
diff -rup numad-0.5git/numad.c numad-0.5git-new/numad.c
--- numad-0.5git/numad.c	2012-12-03 15:40:40.000000000 +0100
+++ numad-0.5git-new/numad.c	2016-08-30 08:45:19.000000000 +0200
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston
 */ 
 
 
-// Compile with: gcc -O -std=gnu99 -Wall -pthread -o numad numad.c -lrt
+// Compile with: gcc -std=gnu99 -g -Wall -pthread -o numad numad.c -lrt -lm
 
 
 #define _GNU_SOURCE
@@ -40,6 +40,10 @@ Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <values.h>
+
 #include <sys/ipc.h>
 #include <sys/mman.h>
 #include <sys/msg.h>
@@ -49,26 +53,16 @@ Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston
 #include <sys/syslog.h>
 #include <sys/time.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
-#include <time.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <values.h>
+
+#include <asm/unistd.h>
 
 
-#define VERSION_STRING "20121130"
+#define VERSION_STRING "20150602"
 
 
 #define VAR_RUN_FILE "/var/run/numad.pid"
 #define VAR_LOG_FILE "/var/log/numad.log"
 
-char *cpuset_dir = NULL;
-char *cpuset_dir_list[] =  {
-    NULL,
-    "/sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset",
-    "/cgroup/cpuset",
-    NULL
-};
-
-
 #define KILOBYTE (1024)
 #define MEGABYTE (1024 * 1024)
 
@@ -86,14 +80,11 @@ char *cpuset_dir_list[] =  {
 #define MAX_INTERVAL 15
 #define CPU_THRESHOLD     50
 #define MEMORY_THRESHOLD 300
-#define TARGET_UTILIZATION_PERCENT 85
-#define IMPROVEMENT_THRESHOLD_PERCENT 5
-
+#define DEFAULT_HTT_PERCENT 20
+#define DEFAULT_THP_SCAN_SLEEP_MS 1000
+#define DEFAULT_UTILIZATION_PERCENT 85
+#define DEFAULT_MEMLOCALITY_PERCENT 90
 
-#define ELIM_NEW_LINE(s) \
-    if (s[strlen(s) - 1] == '\n') { \
-        s[strlen(s) - 1] = '\0'; \
-    }
 
 #define CONVERT_DIGITS_TO_NUM(p, n) \
     n = *p++ - '0'; \
@@ -105,19 +96,36 @@ char *cpuset_dir_list[] =  {
 
 int num_cpus = 0;
 int num_nodes = 0;
-int page_size_in_bytes = 0;
-int huge_page_size_in_bytes = 0;
+int threads_per_core = 0;
+uint64_t page_size_in_bytes = 0;
+uint64_t huge_page_size_in_bytes = 0;
 
 int min_interval = MIN_INTERVAL;
 int max_interval = MAX_INTERVAL;
-int target_utilization  = TARGET_UTILIZATION_PERCENT;
+int htt_percent = DEFAULT_HTT_PERCENT;
+int thp_scan_sleep_ms = DEFAULT_THP_SCAN_SLEEP_MS;
+int target_utilization  = DEFAULT_UTILIZATION_PERCENT;
+int target_memlocality  = DEFAULT_MEMLOCALITY_PERCENT;
 int scan_all_processes = 1;
 int keep_interleaved_memory = 0;
+int use_inactive_file_cache = 1;
 
 pthread_mutex_t pid_list_mutex;
 pthread_mutex_t node_info_mutex;
+long sum_CPUs_total = 0;
 int requested_mbs = 0;
 int requested_cpus = 0;
+int got_sighup = 0;
+int got_sigterm = 0;
+int got_sigquit = 0;
+
+void sig_handler(int signum) { 
+    switch (signum) {
+        case SIGHUP:  got_sighup  = 1; break;
+        case SIGTERM: got_sigterm = 1; break;
+        case SIGQUIT: got_sigquit = 1; break;
+    }
+}
 
 
 
@@ -139,7 +147,7 @@ void numad_log(int level, const char *fm
     }
     char buf[BUF_SIZE];
     time_t ts = time(NULL);
-    sprintf(buf, ctime(&ts));
+    strncpy(buf, ctime(&ts), sizeof(buf));
     char *p = &buf[strlen(buf) - 1];
     *p++ = ':';
     *p++ = ' ';
@@ -155,13 +163,16 @@ void open_log_file() {
     log_fs = fopen(VAR_LOG_FILE, "a");
     if (log_fs == NULL) {
         log_fs = stderr;
-        numad_log(LOG_ERR, "Cannot open numad log file -- using stderr\n");
+        numad_log(LOG_ERR, "Cannot open numad log file (errno: %d) -- using stderr\n", errno);
     }
 }
 
+
 void close_log_file() {
     if (log_fs != NULL) {
-        fclose(log_fs);
+        if (log_fs != stderr) {
+            fclose(log_fs);
+        }
         log_fs = NULL;
     }
 }
@@ -235,23 +246,32 @@ void send_msg(long dst_pid, long cmd, lo
 
 
 typedef struct id_list {
-    // Use CPU_SET(3) <sched.h> cpuset bitmasks,
+    // Use CPU_SET(3) <sched.h> bitmasks,
     // but bundle size and pointer together
     // and genericize for both CPU and Node IDs
     cpu_set_t *set_p; 
     size_t bytes;
 } id_list_t, *id_list_p;
 
-#define INIT_ID_LIST(list_p) \
+#define ID_LIST_SET_P(list_p) (list_p->set_p)
+#define ID_LIST_BYTES(list_p) (list_p->bytes)
+
+#define INIT_ID_LIST(list_p, num_elements) \
     list_p = malloc(sizeof(id_list_t)); \
     if (list_p == NULL) { numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "INIT_ID_LIST malloc failed\n"); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } \
-    list_p->set_p = CPU_ALLOC(num_cpus); \
+    list_p->set_p = CPU_ALLOC(num_elements); \
     if (list_p->set_p == NULL) { numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "CPU_ALLOC failed\n"); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } \
-    list_p->bytes = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(num_cpus);
+    list_p->bytes = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(num_elements);
 
-#define CLEAR_LIST(list_p) \
+#define CLEAR_CPU_LIST(list_p) \
     if (list_p == NULL) { \
-        INIT_ID_LIST(list_p); \
+        INIT_ID_LIST(list_p, num_cpus); \
+    } \
+    CPU_ZERO_S(list_p->bytes, list_p->set_p)
+
+#define CLEAR_NODE_LIST(list_p) \
+    if (list_p == NULL) { \
+        INIT_ID_LIST(list_p, num_nodes); \
     } \
     CPU_ZERO_S(list_p->bytes, list_p->set_p)
 
@@ -262,6 +282,9 @@ typedef struct id_list {
         list_p = NULL; \
     }
 
+#define COPY_LIST(orig_list_p, copy_list_p) \
+    memcpy(copy_list_p->set_p, orig_list_p->set_p, orig_list_p->bytes)
+
 #define NUM_IDS_IN_LIST(list_p)     CPU_COUNT_S(list_p->bytes, list_p->set_p)
 #define ADD_ID_TO_LIST(k, list_p)  CPU_SET_S(k, list_p->bytes, list_p->set_p)
 #define CLR_ID_IN_LIST(k, list_p)  CPU_CLR_S(k, list_p->bytes, list_p->set_p)
@@ -272,6 +295,25 @@ typedef struct id_list {
 #define  OR_LISTS( or_list_p, list_1_p, list_2_p)  CPU_OR_S( or_list_p->bytes,  or_list_p->set_p, list_1_p->set_p, list_2_p->set_p)
 #define XOR_LISTS(xor_list_p, list_1_p, list_2_p) CPU_XOR_S(xor_list_p->bytes, xor_list_p->set_p, list_1_p->set_p, list_2_p->set_p)
 
+int negate_cpu_list(id_list_p list_p) {
+    if (list_p == NULL) {
+        numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "Cannot negate a NULL list\n");
+        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+    }
+    if (num_cpus < 1) {
+        numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "No CPUs to negate in list!\n");
+        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+    }
+    for (int ix = 0;  (ix < num_cpus);  ix++) {
+        if (ID_IS_IN_LIST(ix, list_p)) {
+            CLR_ID_IN_LIST(ix, list_p);
+        } else {
+            ADD_ID_TO_LIST(ix, list_p);
+        }
+    }
+    return NUM_IDS_IN_LIST(list_p);
+}
+
 int add_ids_to_list_from_str(id_list_p list_p, char *s) {
     if (list_p == NULL) {
         numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "Cannot add to NULL list\n");
@@ -352,9 +394,21 @@ typedef struct node_data {
     uint8_t *distance;
     id_list_p cpu_list_p; 
 } node_data_t, *node_data_p;
-
 node_data_p node = NULL;
 
+int min_node_CPUs_free_ix = -1;
+int min_node_MBs_free_ix = -1;
+long min_node_CPUs_free = MAXINT;
+long min_node_MBs_free = MAXINT;
+long max_node_CPUs_free = 0;
+long max_node_MBs_free = 0;
+long avg_node_CPUs_free = 0;
+long avg_node_MBs_free = 0;
+double stddev_node_CPUs_free = 0.0;
+double stddev_node_MBs_free = 0.0;
+
+
+
 // RING_BUF_SIZE must be a power of two
 #define RING_BUF_SIZE 8
 
@@ -366,14 +420,15 @@ typedef struct process_data {
     uint64_t data_time_stamp; // hundredths of seconds
     uint64_t bind_time_stamp;
     uint64_t num_threads;
+    uint64_t MBs_size;
     uint64_t MBs_used;
     uint64_t cpu_util;
     uint64_t CPUs_used;  // scaled * ONE_HUNDRED
     uint64_t CPUs_used_ring_buf[RING_BUF_SIZE];
     int ring_buf_ix;
-    int dup_bind_count;
     char *comm;
-    char *cpuset_name;
+    id_list_p node_list_p;
+    uint64_t *process_MBs;
 } process_data_t, *process_data_p;
 
 
@@ -433,7 +488,8 @@ int process_hash_insert(int pid) {
 }
 
 int process_hash_update(process_data_p newp) {
-    // This updates hash table stats for processes we are monitoring
+    // This updates hash table stats for processes we are monitoring. Only the
+    // scalar resource consumption stats need to be updated here.
     int new_hash_table_entry = 1;
     int ix = process_hash_insert(newp->pid);
     if (ix >= 0) {
@@ -460,6 +516,7 @@ int process_hash_update(process_data_p n
             }
             p->comm = strdup(newp->comm);
         }
+        p->MBs_size = newp->MBs_size;
         p->MBs_used = newp->MBs_used;
         p->cpu_util = newp->cpu_util;
         p->num_threads = newp->num_threads;
@@ -468,6 +525,11 @@ int process_hash_update(process_data_p n
     return new_hash_table_entry;
 }
 
+void process_hash_clear_all_bind_time_stamps() {
+    for (int ix = 0;  (ix < process_hash_table_size);  ix++) {
+        process_hash_table[ix].bind_time_stamp = 0;
+    }
+}
 
 int process_hash_rehash(int old_ix) {
     // Given the index of a table entry that would otherwise be orphaned by
@@ -489,7 +551,8 @@ int process_hash_remove(int pid) {
         // remove the target
         process_data_p dp = &process_hash_table[ix];
         if (dp->comm) { free(dp->comm); }
-        if (dp->cpuset_name) { free(dp->cpuset_name); }
+        if (dp->process_MBs) { free(dp->process_MBs); }
+        FREE_LIST(dp->node_list_p);
         memset(dp, 0, sizeof(process_data_t));
         // bubble up the collision chain and rehash if neeeded
         for (;;) {
@@ -543,15 +606,15 @@ void process_hash_table_dump() {
         process_data_p p = &process_hash_table[ix];
         if (p->pid) {
             numad_log(LOG_DEBUG,
-                "ix: %d  PID: %d %s  Thds: %d  CPU %ld  MBs: %ld Data TS: %ld  Bind TS: %ld\n",
+                "ix: %d  PID: %d %s  Thds: %d  CPU %ld  MBs: %ld/%ld Data TS: %ld  Bind TS: %ld\n",
                 ix, p->pid, ((p->comm != NULL) ? p->comm : "(Null)"), p->num_threads,
-                p->CPUs_used, p->MBs_used, p->data_time_stamp, p->bind_time_stamp);
+                p->CPUs_used, p->MBs_used, p->MBs_size, p->data_time_stamp, p->bind_time_stamp);
+            // FIXME: make this dump every field, but this is not even currently used
         }
     }
 }
 
 void process_hash_table_cleanup(uint64_t update_time) {
-    int cpusets_removed = 0;
     int num_hash_entries_used = 0;
     for (int ix = 0;  (ix < process_hash_table_size);  ix++) {
         process_data_p p = &process_hash_table[ix];
@@ -562,34 +625,14 @@ void process_hash_table_cleanup(uint64_t
                 p->data_time_stamp = 0;
                 p->CPUs_used = 0;
                 // Check for dead pids and remove them...
-                char fname[FNAME_SIZE];
-                snprintf(fname, FNAME_SIZE, "/proc/%d", p->pid);
-                if (access(fname, F_OK) < 0) {
-                    // Seems dead.  Forget this pid -- after first checking 
-                    // and removing obsolete numad.PID cpuset directories.  
-                    snprintf(fname, FNAME_SIZE, "%s/numad.%d", cpuset_dir, p->pid);
-                    if (access(fname, F_OK) == 0) {
-                        numad_log(LOG_NOTICE, "Removing obsolete cpuset: %s\n", fname);
-                        int rc = rmdir(fname);
-                        if (rc >= 0) {
-                            cpusets_removed += 1;
-                        } else {
-                            numad_log(LOG_ERR, "bad cpuset rmdir\n");
-                            // exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-                        }
-                    }
+                if ((kill(p->pid, 0) == -1) && (errno == ESRCH)) {
+                    // Seems dead.  Forget this pid
                     process_hash_remove(p->pid);
                     num_hash_entries_used -= 1;
                 }
             }
         }
     }
-    if (cpusets_removed > 0) {
-        // Expire all the duplicate bind counts so things will be re-evaluated sooner.
-        for (int ix = 0;  (ix < process_hash_table_size);  ix++) {
-            process_hash_table[ix].dup_bind_count = 0;
-        }
-    }
     // Keep hash table approximately half empty
     if ((num_hash_entries_used * 7) / 4 > process_hash_table_size) {
         process_hash_table_expand();
@@ -610,9 +653,7 @@ pid_list_p insert_pid_into_pid_list(pid_
     if (process_hash_table != NULL) {
         int hash_ix = process_hash_lookup(pid);
         if ((hash_ix >= 0) && (list_ptr == include_pid_list)) {
-            // Clear dup_bind_count and interleaved flag,
-            // in case user wants it to be re-evaluated soon
-            process_hash_table[hash_ix].dup_bind_count = 0;
+            // Clear interleaved flag, in case user wants it to be re-evaluated
             process_hash_table[hash_ix].flags &= ~PROCESS_FLAG_INTERLEAVED;
         }
     }
@@ -678,18 +719,23 @@ void print_version_and_exit(char *prog_n
 
 void print_usage_and_exit(char *prog_name) {
     fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <options> ...\n", prog_name);
+    fprintf(stderr, "-C 1  to count inactive file cache as available memory (default 1)\n");
+    fprintf(stderr, "-C 0  to count inactive file cache memory as unavailable (default 1)\n");
     fprintf(stderr, "-d for debug logging (same effect as '-l 7')\n");
-    fprintf(stderr, "-D <CGROUP_MOUNT_POINT> to specify cgroup mount point\n");
     fprintf(stderr, "-h to print this usage info\n");
+    fprintf(stderr, "-H <N> to set THP scan_sleep_ms (default %d)\n", DEFAULT_THP_SCAN_SLEEP_MS);
     fprintf(stderr, "-i [<MIN>:]<MAX> to specify interval seconds\n");
-    fprintf(stderr, "-K 1  to keep interleaved memory spread across nodes\n");
-    fprintf(stderr, "-K 0  to merge interleaved memory to local NUMA nodes\n");
-    fprintf(stderr, "-l <N> to specify logging level (usually 5, 6, or 7)\n");
+    fprintf(stderr, "-K 1  to keep interleaved memory spread across nodes (default 0)\n");
+    fprintf(stderr, "-K 0  to merge interleaved memory to local NUMA nodes (default 0)\n");
+    fprintf(stderr, "-l <N> to specify logging level (usually 5, 6, or 7 -- default 5)\n");
+    fprintf(stderr, "-m <N> to specify memory locality target percent (default %d)\n", DEFAULT_MEMLOCALITY_PERCENT);
     fprintf(stderr, "-p <PID> to add PID to inclusion pid list\n");
     fprintf(stderr, "-r <PID> to remove PID from explicit pid lists\n");
-    fprintf(stderr, "-S 1  to scan all processes\n");
-    fprintf(stderr, "-S 0  to scan only explicit PID list processes\n");
-    fprintf(stderr, "-u <N> to specify target utilization percent (default 85)\n");
+    fprintf(stderr, "-R <CPU_LIST> to reserve some CPUs for non-numad use\n");
+    fprintf(stderr, "-S 1  to scan all processes (default 1)\n");
+    fprintf(stderr, "-S 0  to scan only explicit PID list processes (default 1)\n");
+    fprintf(stderr, "-t <N> to specify thread / logical CPU valuation percent (default %d)\n", DEFAULT_HTT_PERCENT);
+    fprintf(stderr, "-u <N> to specify utilization target percent (default %d)\n", DEFAULT_UTILIZATION_PERCENT);
     fprintf(stderr, "-v for verbose  (same effect as '-l 6')\n");
     fprintf(stderr, "-V to show version info\n");
     fprintf(stderr, "-w <CPUs>[:<MBs>] for NUMA node suggestions\n");
@@ -698,62 +744,35 @@ void print_usage_and_exit(char *prog_nam
 }
 
 
-void check_prereqs(char *prog_name) {
-    // Verify cpusets are available on this system.
-    char **dir = &cpuset_dir_list[0];
-    if (*dir == NULL) { dir++; }
-    while (*dir != NULL) {
-        cpuset_dir = *dir;
-        char fname[FNAME_SIZE];
-        snprintf(fname, FNAME_SIZE, "%s/cpuset.cpus", cpuset_dir);
-        if (access(fname, F_OK) == 0) {
-            break;
-        }
-        dir++;
-    }
-    if (*dir == NULL) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "\n");
-        fprintf(stderr, "Are CPUSETs enabled on this system?\n");
-        fprintf(stderr, "They are required for %s to function.\n\n", prog_name);
-        fprintf(stderr, "Check manpage CPUSET(7). You might need to do something like:\n");
-        fprintf(stderr, "    # mkdir <DIRECTORY_MOUNT_POINT>\n");
-        fprintf(stderr, "    # mount cgroup -t cgroup -o cpuset <DIRECTORY_MOUNT_POINT>\n");
-        fprintf(stderr, "    where <DIRECTORY_MOUNT_POINT> is something like:\n");
-        dir = &cpuset_dir_list[0];
-        if (*dir == NULL) { dir++; }
-        while (*dir != NULL) {
-            fprintf(stderr, "      - %s\n", *dir);
-            dir++;
-        }
-        fprintf(stderr, "and then try again...\n");
-        fprintf(stderr, "Or, use '-D <DIRECTORY_MOUNT_POINT>' to specify the correct mount point\n");
-        fprintf(stderr, "\n");
-        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+void set_thp_scan_sleep_ms(int new_ms) {
+    if (new_ms < 1) {
+        // 0 means do not change the system default
+        return;
     }
-    // Check on THP scan sleep time.
-    char *thp_scan_fname = "/sys/kernel/mm/redhat_transparent_hugepage/khugepaged/scan_sleep_millisecs";
-    int fd = open(thp_scan_fname, O_RDONLY, 0);
+    char *thp_scan_fname = "/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/khugepaged/scan_sleep_millisecs";
+    int fd = open(thp_scan_fname, O_RDWR, 0);
     if (fd >= 0) {
-        int ms;
         char buf[BUF_SIZE];
         int bytes = read(fd, buf, BUF_SIZE);
-        close(fd);
         if (bytes > 0) {
+            buf[bytes] = '\0';
+            int cur_ms;
             char *p = buf;
-            CONVERT_DIGITS_TO_NUM(p, ms);
-            if (ms > 150) {
-                fprintf(stderr, "\n");
-                numad_log(LOG_NOTICE, "Looks like transparent hugepage scan time in %s is %d ms.\n", thp_scan_fname, ms);
-                fprintf(stderr,       "Looks like transparent hugepage scan time in %s is %d ms.\n", thp_scan_fname, ms);
-                fprintf(stderr, "Consider increasing the frequency of THP scanning,\n");
-                fprintf(stderr, "by echoing a smaller number (e.g. 100) to %s\n", thp_scan_fname);
-                fprintf(stderr, "to more aggressively (re)construct THPs.  For example:\n");
-                fprintf(stderr, "# echo 100 > /sys/kernel/mm/redhat_transparent_hugepage/khugepaged/scan_sleep_millisecs\n");
-                fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+            CONVERT_DIGITS_TO_NUM(p, cur_ms);
+            if (cur_ms != new_ms) {
+                lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
+                numad_log(LOG_NOTICE, "Changing THP scan time in %s from %d to %d ms.\n", thp_scan_fname, cur_ms, new_ms);
+                sprintf(buf, "%d\n", new_ms);
+                write(fd, buf, strlen(buf));
             }
         }
+        close(fd);
     }
-    // FIXME: ?? check for enabled ksmd, and recommend disabling ksm?
+}
+
+void check_prereqs(char *prog_name) {
+    // Adjust kernel tunable to scan for THP more frequently...
+    set_thp_scan_sleep_ms(thp_scan_sleep_ms);
 }
 
 
@@ -785,7 +804,6 @@ int get_daemon_pid() {
     return pid; 
 }
 
-
 int register_numad_pid() {
     int pid;
     char buf[BUF_SIZE];
@@ -831,6 +849,43 @@ fail_numad_run_file:
 }
 
 
+int count_set_bits_in_hex_list_file(char *fname) {
+    int sum = 0;
+    int fd = open(fname, O_RDONLY, 0);
+    if (fd >= 0) {
+        char buf[BUF_SIZE];
+        int bytes = read(fd, buf, BUF_SIZE);
+        close(fd);
+        for (int ix = 0;  (ix < bytes);  ix++) {
+            char c = tolower(buf[ix]);
+            switch (c) {
+                case '0'  : sum += 0; break;
+                case '1'  : sum += 1; break;
+                case '2'  : sum += 1; break;
+                case '3'  : sum += 2; break;
+                case '4'  : sum += 1; break;
+                case '5'  : sum += 2; break;
+                case '6'  : sum += 2; break;
+                case '7'  : sum += 3; break;
+                case '8'  : sum += 1; break;
+                case '9'  : sum += 2; break;
+                case 'a'  : sum += 2; break;
+                case 'b'  : sum += 3; break;
+                case 'c'  : sum += 2; break;
+                case 'd'  : sum += 3; break;
+                case 'e'  : sum += 3; break;
+                case 'f'  : sum += 4; break;
+                case ' '  : sum += 0; break;
+                case ','  : sum += 0; break;
+                case '\n' : sum += 0; break;
+                default : numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "Unexpected character in list\n"); exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return sum;
+}
+
+
 int get_num_cpus() {
     int n1 = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_CONF);
     int n2 = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
@@ -848,7 +903,7 @@ int get_num_cpus() {
 int get_num_kvm_vcpu_threads(int pid) {
     // Try to return the number of vCPU threads for this VM guest,
     // excluding the IO threads.  All failures return MAXINT.
-    // FIXME: figure out some better way to do this...
+    // FIXME: someday figure out some better way to do this...
     char fname[FNAME_SIZE];
     snprintf(fname, FNAME_SIZE, "/proc/%d/cmdline", pid);
     int fd = open(fname, O_RDONLY, 0);
@@ -876,8 +931,8 @@ int get_num_kvm_vcpu_threads(int pid) {
 }
 
 
-int get_huge_page_size_in_bytes() {
-    int huge_page_size = 0;;
+uint64_t get_huge_page_size_in_bytes() {
+    uint64_t huge_page_size = 0;;
     FILE *fs = fopen("/proc/meminfo", "r");
     if (!fs) {
         numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "Can't open /proc/meminfo\n");
@@ -890,7 +945,7 @@ int get_huge_page_size_in_bytes() {
             while ((!isdigit(*p)) && (p < buf + BUF_SIZE)) {
                 p++;
             }
-            huge_page_size = atoi(p);
+            huge_page_size = atol(p);
             break;
         }
     }
@@ -916,143 +971,134 @@ static int name_starts_with_digit(const
 }
 
 
-int bind_process_and_migrate_memory(int pid, char *cpuset_name, id_list_p node_list_p, id_list_p cpu_list_p) {
-    // Check basic parameter validity.  
-    if (pid <= 0) {
+
+#define BITS_IN_LONG (CHAR_BIT * sizeof(unsigned long))
+#define   SET_BIT(i,a)   (a)[(i) / BITS_IN_LONG] |=  (1u << ((i) % BITS_IN_LONG))
+#define  TEST_BIT(i,a) (((a)[(i) / BITS_IN_LONG] &   (1u << ((i) % BITS_IN_LONG))) != 0)
+#define CLEAR_BIT(i,a)   (a)[(i) / BITS_IN_LONG] &= ~(1u << ((i) % BITS_IN_LONG))
+
+int bind_process_and_migrate_memory(process_data_p p) {
+    uint64_t t0 = get_time_stamp();
+    // Parameter p is a pointer to an element in the hash table
+    if ((!p) || (p->pid < 1)) {
         numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "Bad PID to bind\n");
         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
     }
-    if ((cpuset_name == NULL) || (strlen(cpuset_name) == 0)) {
-        numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "Bad cpuset name to bind\n");
-        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-    }
-    int nodes;
-    if ((node_list_p == NULL) || ((nodes = NUM_IDS_IN_LIST(node_list_p)) == 0)) {
-        numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "Cannot bind to unspecified node\n");
+    if (!p->node_list_p) {
+        numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "Cannot bind to unspecified node(s)\n");
         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
     }
-    // Cpu_list_p is optional and may be NULL...
-    // Generate CPU id list from the specified node list if necessary
-    if (cpu_list_p == NULL) {
-        static id_list_p tmp_cpu_list_p;
-        CLEAR_LIST(tmp_cpu_list_p);
-        int node_id = 0;
-        while (nodes) {
-            if (ID_IS_IN_LIST(node_id, node_list_p)) {
-                OR_LISTS(tmp_cpu_list_p, tmp_cpu_list_p, node[node_id].cpu_list_p);
-                nodes -= 1;
-            }
-            node_id += 1;
-        }
-        cpu_list_p = tmp_cpu_list_p;
-    }
-    // Make the cpuset directory if necessary
-    char cpuset_name_buf[FNAME_SIZE];
-    snprintf(cpuset_name_buf, FNAME_SIZE, "%s%s", cpuset_dir, cpuset_name);
-    char *p = &cpuset_name_buf[strlen(cpuset_dir)];
-    if (!strcmp(p, "/")) {
-        // Make a cpuset directory for this process
-        snprintf(cpuset_name_buf, FNAME_SIZE, "%s/numad.%d", cpuset_dir, pid);
-        numad_log(LOG_NOTICE, "Making new cpuset: %s\n", cpuset_name_buf);
-        int rc = mkdir(cpuset_name_buf, S_IRWXU | S_IRWXG | S_IROTH | S_IXOTH);
-        if (rc == -1) {
-            numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "Bad cpuset mkdir -- errno: %d\n", errno);
-            return 0;
+    // Generate CPU list derived from target node list.
+    static id_list_p cpu_bind_list_p;
+    CLEAR_CPU_LIST(cpu_bind_list_p);
+    int nodes = NUM_IDS_IN_LIST(p->node_list_p);
+    int node_id = 0;
+    while (nodes) {
+        if (ID_IS_IN_LIST(node_id, p->node_list_p)) {
+            OR_LISTS(cpu_bind_list_p, cpu_bind_list_p, node[node_id].cpu_list_p);
+            nodes -= 1;
         }
+        node_id += 1;
     }
-    cpuset_name = cpuset_name_buf;
-    // Now that we have a cpuset for pid and a populated cpulist,
-    // start the actual binding and migration.
-    uint64_t t0 = get_time_stamp();
-
-    // Write "1" out to cpuset.memory_migrate file
     char fname[FNAME_SIZE];
-    snprintf(fname, FNAME_SIZE, "%s/cpuset.memory_migrate", cpuset_name);
-    int fd = open(fname, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC, 0);
-    if (fd == -1) {
-        numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "Could not open cpuset.memory_migrate -- errno: %d\n", errno);
-        return 0;
-    }
-    write(fd, "1", 1);
-    close(fd);
-
-    // Write node IDs out to cpuset.mems file
-    char node_list_buf[BUF_SIZE];
-    snprintf(fname, FNAME_SIZE, "%s/cpuset.mems", cpuset_name);
-    fd = open(fname, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC, 0);
-    if (fd == -1) {
-        numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "Could not open cpuset.mems -- errno: %d\n", errno);
-        return 0;
-    }
-    int len = str_from_id_list(node_list_buf, BUF_SIZE, node_list_p);
-    write(fd, node_list_buf, len);
-    close(fd);
-
-    // Write CPU IDs out to cpuset.cpus file
-    char cpu_list_buf[BUF_SIZE];
-    snprintf(fname, FNAME_SIZE, "%s/cpuset.cpus", cpuset_name);
-    fd = open(fname, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC, 0);
-    if (fd == -1) {
-        numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "Could not open cpuset.cpus -- errno: %d\n", errno);
-        return 0;
-    }
-    len = str_from_id_list(cpu_list_buf, BUF_SIZE, cpu_list_p);
-    write(fd, cpu_list_buf, len);
-    close(fd);
-
-    // Copy pid tasks one at a time to tasks file
-    snprintf(fname, FNAME_SIZE, "%s/tasks", cpuset_name);
-    fd = open(fname, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC, 0);
-    if (fd == -1) {
-        numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "Could not open tasks -- errno: %d\n", errno);
-        return 0;
-    }
-    snprintf(fname, FNAME_SIZE, "/proc/%d/task", pid);
     struct dirent **namelist;
-    int files = scandir(fname, &namelist, name_starts_with_digit, NULL);
-    if (files < 0) {
-        numad_log(LOG_WARNING, "Could not scandir task list\n");
+    snprintf(fname, FNAME_SIZE, "/proc/%d/task", p->pid);
+    int num_tasks = scandir(fname, &namelist, name_starts_with_digit, NULL);
+    if (num_tasks <= 0) {
+        numad_log(LOG_WARNING, "Could not scandir task list for PID: %d\n", p->pid);
         return 0;  // Assume the process terminated
     }
-    for (int ix = 0;  (ix < files);  ix++) {
-        // copy pid tasks, one at a time
-        numad_log(LOG_NOTICE, "Including task: %s\n", namelist[ix]->d_name);
-        write(fd, namelist[ix]->d_name, strlen(namelist[ix]->d_name));
-        free(namelist[ix]);
+    // Set the affinity of each task in the process...
+    for (int namelist_ix = 0;  (namelist_ix < num_tasks);  namelist_ix++) {
+        int tid = atoi(namelist[namelist_ix]->d_name);
+        int rc = sched_setaffinity(tid, ID_LIST_BYTES(cpu_bind_list_p), ID_LIST_SET_P(cpu_bind_list_p));
+        if (rc < 0) {
+            // Check errno
+            if (errno == ESRCH) {
+                numad_log(LOG_WARNING, "Tried to move PID %d, TID %d, but it apparently went away.\n", p->pid, tid);
+            }
+            numad_log(LOG_ERR, "Bad sched_setaffinity() on PID %d, TID %d -- errno: %d\n", p->pid, tid, errno);
+        }
+        free(namelist[namelist_ix]);
     }
     free(namelist);
-    close(fd);
-
-    uint64_t t1 = get_time_stamp();
+    // Now move the memory to the target nodes....
+    static unsigned long *dest_mask;
+    static unsigned long *from_mask;
+    static int allocated_bytes_in_masks;
+    // Lie about num_nodes being one bigger because of kernel bug...
+    int num_bytes_in_masks = (1 + ((num_nodes + 1) / BITS_IN_LONG)) * sizeof(unsigned long);
+    if (allocated_bytes_in_masks < num_bytes_in_masks) {
+        allocated_bytes_in_masks = num_bytes_in_masks;
+        dest_mask = realloc(dest_mask, num_bytes_in_masks);
+        from_mask = realloc(from_mask, num_bytes_in_masks);
+        if ((dest_mask == NULL) || (from_mask == NULL)) {
+            numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "bit mask malloc failed\n");
+            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+    }
+    // In an effort to put semi-balanced memory in each target node, move the
+    // contents from the source node with the max amount of memory to the
+    // destination node with the least amount of memory.  Repeat until done.
+    int prev_from_node_id = -1;
+    for (;;) {
+        int min_dest_node_id = -1;
+        int max_from_node_id = -1;
+        for (int node_ix = 0;  (node_ix < num_nodes);  node_ix++) {
+            node_id = node[node_ix].node_id;
+            if (ID_IS_IN_LIST(node_id, p->node_list_p)) {
+                if ((min_dest_node_id < 0) || (p->process_MBs[min_dest_node_id] >= p->process_MBs[node_id])) {
+                    // The ">=" above is intentional, so we tend to move memory to higher numbered nodes
+                    min_dest_node_id = node_id;
+                }
+            } else {
+                if ((max_from_node_id < 0) || (p->process_MBs[max_from_node_id] < p->process_MBs[node_id])) {
+                    max_from_node_id = node_id;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if ((p->process_MBs[max_from_node_id] == 0) || (max_from_node_id == prev_from_node_id)) {
+            break;
+        }
+        memset(dest_mask, 0, num_bytes_in_masks);
+        memset(from_mask, 0, num_bytes_in_masks);
+        SET_BIT(max_from_node_id, from_mask);
+        SET_BIT(min_dest_node_id, dest_mask);
+        numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "Moving memory from node: %d to node %d\n", max_from_node_id, min_dest_node_id);
+        // Lie about num_nodes being one bigger because of kernel bug...
+        int rc = syscall(__NR_migrate_pages, p->pid, num_nodes + 1, from_mask, dest_mask);
+        if (rc > 2) {
+            // rc == the number of pages that could not be moved.  
+            // A couple pages not moving is probably not a problem, hence ignoring rc == 1 or 2.
+            numad_log(LOG_WARNING, "Tried to move PID %d, but %d pages would not move.\n", p->pid, rc);
+        } else if (rc < 0) {
+            // Check errno
+            if (errno == ESRCH) {
+                numad_log(LOG_WARNING, "Tried to move PID %d, but it apparently went away.\n", p->pid);
+                return 0;  // Assume the process terminated
+            }
+        }
+        // Assume memory did move for current accounting purposes...
+        p->process_MBs[min_dest_node_id] += p->process_MBs[max_from_node_id];
+        p->process_MBs[max_from_node_id] = 0;
+        prev_from_node_id = max_from_node_id;
+    }
     // Check pid still active
-    snprintf(fname, FNAME_SIZE, "/proc/%d", pid);
+    snprintf(fname, FNAME_SIZE, "/proc/%d", p->pid);
     if (access(fname, F_OK) < 0) {
-        numad_log(LOG_WARNING, "Could not migrate pid\n");
-        return 0;  // Assume the process terminated
+        numad_log(LOG_WARNING, "Could not migrate pid %d.  Apparently it went away.\n", p->pid);
+        return 0;
+    } else {
+        uint64_t t1 = get_time_stamp();
+        p->bind_time_stamp = t1;
+        char node_list_str[BUF_SIZE];
+        str_from_id_list(node_list_str, BUF_SIZE, p->node_list_p);
+        numad_log(LOG_NOTICE, "PID %d moved to node(s) %s in %d.%d seconds\n", p->pid, node_list_str, (t1-t0)/100, (t1-t0)%100);
+        return 1;
     }
-    numad_log(LOG_NOTICE, "PID %d moved to node(s) %s in %d.%d seconds\n", pid, node_list_buf, (t1-t0)/100, (t1-t0)%100);
-    return 1;
 }
 
 
-void show_nodes() {
-    time_t ts = time(NULL);
-    fprintf(log_fs, "%s", ctime(&ts));
-    fprintf(log_fs, "Nodes: %d\n", num_nodes);
-    for (int ix = 0;  (ix < num_nodes);  ix++) {
-        fprintf(log_fs, "Node %d: MBs_total %ld, MBs_free %6ld, CPUs_total %ld, CPUs_free %4ld,  Distance: ", 
-            ix, node[ix].MBs_total, node[ix].MBs_free, node[ix].CPUs_total, node[ix].CPUs_free);
-        for (int d = 0;  (d < num_nodes);  d++) {
-            fprintf(log_fs, "%d ", node[ix].distance[d]);
-        }
-        char buf[BUF_SIZE];
-        str_from_id_list(buf, BUF_SIZE, node[ix].cpu_list_p);
-        fprintf(log_fs, " CPUs: %s\n", buf);
-    }
-    fprintf(log_fs, "\n");
-    fflush(log_fs);
-}
-
 
 typedef struct cpu_data {
     uint64_t time_stamp;
@@ -1062,10 +1108,9 @@ typedef struct cpu_data {
 cpu_data_t cpu_data_buf[2];  // Two sets, to calc deltas
 int cur_cpu_data_buf = 0;
 
-
 void update_cpu_data() {
     // Parse idle percents from CPU stats in /proc/stat cpu<N> lines
-    static FILE *fs = NULL;
+    static FILE *fs;
     if (fs != NULL) {
         rewind(fs);
     } else {
@@ -1107,14 +1152,14 @@ void update_cpu_data() {
             while (!isdigit(*p)) { p++; } while (isdigit(*p)) { p++; }  // skip nice
             while (!isdigit(*p)) { p++; } while (isdigit(*p)) { p++; }  // skip system
             while (!isdigit(*p)) { p++; }
-            uint64_t idle = *p++ - '0'; while (isdigit(*p)) { idle *= 10; idle += (*p++ - '0'); }
+            uint64_t idle;
+            CONVERT_DIGITS_TO_NUM(p, idle);
             cpu_data_buf[new].idle[cpu_id] = idle;
         }
     }
     cur_cpu_data_buf = new;
 }
 
-
 int node_and_digits(const struct dirent *dptr) {
     char *p = (char *)(dptr->d_name);
     if (*p++ != 'n') return 0;
@@ -1129,10 +1174,31 @@ int node_and_digits(const struct dirent
 }
 
 
+uint64_t node_info_time_stamp = 0;
 id_list_p all_cpus_list_p = NULL;
 id_list_p all_nodes_list_p = NULL;
-uint64_t node_info_time_stamp = 0;
+id_list_p reserved_cpu_mask_list_p = NULL;
+char *reserved_cpu_str = NULL;
 
+void show_nodes() {
+    fprintf(log_fs, "\n");
+    numad_log(LOG_INFO, "Nodes: %d\n", num_nodes);
+    fprintf(log_fs, "Min CPUs free: %ld, Max CPUs: %ld, Avg CPUs: %ld, StdDev: %lg\n", 
+        min_node_CPUs_free, max_node_CPUs_free, avg_node_CPUs_free, stddev_node_CPUs_free);
+    fprintf(log_fs, "Min MBs free: %ld, Max MBs: %ld, Avg MBs: %ld, StdDev: %lg\n", 
+        min_node_MBs_free, max_node_MBs_free, avg_node_MBs_free, stddev_node_MBs_free);
+    for (int ix = 0;  (ix < num_nodes);  ix++) {
+        fprintf(log_fs, "Node %d: MBs_total %ld, MBs_free %6ld, CPUs_total %ld, CPUs_free %4ld,  Distance: ", 
+            ix, node[ix].MBs_total, node[ix].MBs_free, node[ix].CPUs_total, node[ix].CPUs_free);
+        for (int d = 0;  (d < num_nodes);  d++) {
+            fprintf(log_fs, "%d ", node[ix].distance[d]);
+        }
+        char buf[BUF_SIZE];
+        str_from_id_list(buf, BUF_SIZE, node[ix].cpu_list_p);
+        fprintf(log_fs, " CPUs: %s\n", buf);
+    }
+    fflush(log_fs);
+}
 
 int update_nodes() {
     char fname[FNAME_SIZE];
@@ -1141,6 +1207,7 @@ int update_nodes() {
     uint64_t time_stamp = get_time_stamp();
 #define STATIC_NODE_INFO_DELAY (600 * ONE_HUNDRED)
     if ((num_nodes == 0) || (node_info_time_stamp + STATIC_NODE_INFO_DELAY < time_stamp)) {
+        node_info_time_stamp = time_stamp;
         // Count directory names of the form: /sys/devices/system/node/node<N>
         struct dirent **namelist;
         int num_files = scandir ("/sys/devices/system/node", &namelist, node_and_digits, NULL);
@@ -1167,8 +1234,15 @@ int update_nodes() {
             }
             num_nodes = num_files;
         }
-        CLEAR_LIST(all_cpus_list_p);
-        CLEAR_LIST(all_nodes_list_p);
+        sum_CPUs_total = 0;
+        CLEAR_CPU_LIST(all_cpus_list_p);
+        CLEAR_NODE_LIST(all_nodes_list_p);
+        // Figure out how many threads per core there are (for later discounting of hyper-threads)
+        threads_per_core = count_set_bits_in_hex_list_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/topology/thread_siblings");
+        if (threads_per_core < 1) {
+            numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "Could not count threads per core\n");
+            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
         // For each "node<N>" filename present, save <N> in node[ix].node_id
         // Note that the node id might not necessarily match the node ix.
         // Also populate the cpu lists and distance vectors for this node.
@@ -1184,11 +1258,24 @@ int update_nodes() {
             snprintf(fname, FNAME_SIZE, "/sys/devices/system/node/node%d/cpulist", node_id);
             int fd = open(fname, O_RDONLY, 0);
             if ((fd >= 0) && (read(fd, buf, BIG_BUF_SIZE) > 0)) {
+                buf[BIG_BUF_SIZE - 1] = '\0';
                 // get cpulist from the cpulist string
-                CLEAR_LIST(node[node_ix].cpu_list_p);
+                CLEAR_CPU_LIST(node[node_ix].cpu_list_p);
                 int n = add_ids_to_list_from_str(node[node_ix].cpu_list_p, buf);
+                if (reserved_cpu_str != NULL) {
+                    AND_LISTS(node[node_ix].cpu_list_p, node[node_ix].cpu_list_p, reserved_cpu_mask_list_p);
+                    n = NUM_IDS_IN_LIST(node[node_ix].cpu_list_p);
+                }
                 OR_LISTS(all_cpus_list_p, all_cpus_list_p, node[node_ix].cpu_list_p);
-                node[node_ix].CPUs_total = n * ONE_HUNDRED;
+                // Calculate total CPUs, but possibly discount hyper-threads
+                if ((threads_per_core == 1) || (htt_percent >= 100)) {
+                    node[node_ix].CPUs_total = n * ONE_HUNDRED;
+                } else {
+                    n /= threads_per_core;
+                    node[node_ix].CPUs_total = n * ONE_HUNDRED;
+                    node[node_ix].CPUs_total += n * (threads_per_core - 1) * htt_percent;
+                }
+                sum_CPUs_total += node[node_ix].CPUs_total;
                 close(fd);
             } else {
                 numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "Could not get node cpu list\n");
@@ -1220,15 +1307,30 @@ int update_nodes() {
         }
         free(namelist);
     }
-    // Second, get the dynamic free memory and available CPU capacity
+    // Second, update the dynamic free memory and available CPU capacity
+    while (cpu_data_buf[cur_cpu_data_buf].time_stamp + 7 >= time_stamp) {
+        // Make sure at least 7/100 of a second has passed.
+        // Otherwise sleep for 1/10 second.
+	struct timespec ts = { 0, 100000000 }; 
+	nanosleep(&ts, &ts);
+	time_stamp = get_time_stamp();
+    }
     update_cpu_data();
+    max_node_MBs_free = 0;
+    max_node_CPUs_free = 0;
+    min_node_MBs_free = MAXINT;
+    min_node_CPUs_free = MAXINT;
+    uint64_t sum_of_node_MBs_free = 0;
+    uint64_t sum_of_node_CPUs_free = 0;
     for (int node_ix = 0;  (node_ix < num_nodes);  node_ix++) {
         int node_id = node[node_ix].node_id;
         // Get available memory info from node<N>/meminfo file
         snprintf(fname, FNAME_SIZE, "/sys/devices/system/node/node%d/meminfo", node_id);
         int fd = open(fname, O_RDONLY, 0);
         if ((fd >= 0) && (read(fd, buf, BIG_BUF_SIZE) > 0)) {
+            close(fd);
             uint64_t KB;
+            buf[BIG_BUF_SIZE - 1] = '\0';
             char *p = strstr(buf, "MemTotal:");
             if (p != NULL) {
                 p += 9;
@@ -1238,7 +1340,11 @@ int update_nodes() {
             }
             while (!isdigit(*p)) { p++; }
             CONVERT_DIGITS_TO_NUM(p, KB);
-            node[node_ix].MBs_total = KB / KILOBYTE;
+            node[node_ix].MBs_total = (KB / KILOBYTE);
+            if (node[node_ix].MBs_total < 1) {
+                // If a node has zero memory, remove it from the all_nodes_list...
+                CLR_ID_IN_LIST(node_id, all_nodes_list_p);
+            }
             p = strstr(p, "MemFree:");
             if (p != NULL) {
                 p += 8;
@@ -1248,8 +1354,28 @@ int update_nodes() {
             }
             while (!isdigit(*p)) { p++; }
             CONVERT_DIGITS_TO_NUM(p, KB);
-            node[node_ix].MBs_free = KB / KILOBYTE;
-            close(fd);
+            node[node_ix].MBs_free = (KB / KILOBYTE);
+            if (use_inactive_file_cache) {
+                // Add inactive file cache quantity to "free" memory
+                p = strstr(p, "Inactive(file):");
+                if (p != NULL) {
+                    p += 15;
+                } else {
+                    numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "Could not get node Inactive(file)\n");
+                    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+                }
+                while (!isdigit(*p)) { p++; }
+                CONVERT_DIGITS_TO_NUM(p, KB);
+                node[node_ix].MBs_free += (KB / KILOBYTE);
+            }
+            sum_of_node_MBs_free += node[node_ix].MBs_free;
+            if (min_node_MBs_free > node[node_ix].MBs_free) {
+                min_node_MBs_free = node[node_ix].MBs_free;
+                min_node_MBs_free_ix = node[node_ix].node_id;
+            }
+            if (max_node_MBs_free < node[node_ix].MBs_free) {
+                max_node_MBs_free = node[node_ix].MBs_free;
+            }
         } else {
             numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "Could not get node meminfo\n");
             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
@@ -1260,7 +1386,8 @@ int update_nodes() {
         if (cpu_data_buf[old_cpu_data_buf].time_stamp > 0) {
             uint64_t idle_ticks = 0;
             int cpu = 0;
-            int num_cpus_to_process = node[node_ix].CPUs_total / ONE_HUNDRED;
+            int num_lcpus = NUM_IDS_IN_LIST(node[node_ix].cpu_list_p);
+            int num_cpus_to_process = num_lcpus;
             while (num_cpus_to_process) {
                 if (ID_IS_IN_LIST(cpu, node[node_ix].cpu_list_p)) {
                     idle_ticks += cpu_data_buf[cur_cpu_data_buf].idle[cpu]
@@ -1274,15 +1401,46 @@ int update_nodes() {
             // printf("Node: %d   CPUs: %ld   time diff %ld   Idle ticks %ld\n", node_id, node[node_ix].CPUs_total, time_diff, idle_ticks);
             // assert(time_diff > 0);
             node[node_ix].CPUs_free = (idle_ticks * ONE_HUNDRED) / time_diff;
+            // Possibly discount hyper-threads
+            if ((threads_per_core > 1) && (htt_percent < 100)) {
+                uint64_t htt_discount = (num_lcpus - (num_lcpus / threads_per_core)) * (100 - htt_percent);
+                if (node[node_ix].CPUs_free > htt_discount) {
+                    node[node_ix].CPUs_free -= htt_discount;
+                } else {
+                    node[node_ix].CPUs_free = 0;
+                }
+            }
             if (node[node_ix].CPUs_free > node[node_ix].CPUs_total) {
                 node[node_ix].CPUs_free = node[node_ix].CPUs_total;
             }
+            sum_of_node_CPUs_free += node[node_ix].CPUs_free;
+            if (min_node_CPUs_free > node[node_ix].CPUs_free) {
+                min_node_CPUs_free = node[node_ix].CPUs_free;
+                min_node_CPUs_free_ix = node[node_ix].node_id;
+            }
+            if (max_node_CPUs_free < node[node_ix].CPUs_free) {
+                max_node_CPUs_free = node[node_ix].CPUs_free;
+            }
             node[node_ix].magnitude = node[node_ix].CPUs_free * node[node_ix].MBs_free;
         } else {
             node[node_ix].CPUs_free = 0;
             node[node_ix].magnitude = 0;
         }
     }
+    avg_node_MBs_free = sum_of_node_MBs_free / num_nodes;
+    avg_node_CPUs_free = sum_of_node_CPUs_free / num_nodes;
+    double MBs_variance_sum = 0.0;
+    double CPUs_variance_sum = 0.0;
+    for (int node_ix = 0;  (node_ix < num_nodes);  node_ix++) {
+        double MBs_diff = (double)node[node_ix].MBs_free - (double)avg_node_MBs_free;
+        double CPUs_diff = (double)node[node_ix].CPUs_free - (double)avg_node_CPUs_free;
+        MBs_variance_sum += MBs_diff * MBs_diff;
+        CPUs_variance_sum += CPUs_diff * CPUs_diff;
+    }
+    double MBs_variance = MBs_variance_sum / (num_nodes);
+    double CPUs_variance = CPUs_variance_sum / (num_nodes);
+    stddev_node_MBs_free = sqrt(MBs_variance);
+    stddev_node_CPUs_free = sqrt(CPUs_variance);
     if (log_level >= LOG_INFO) {
         show_nodes();
     }
@@ -1316,7 +1474,7 @@ typedef struct stat_data {
     int64_t num_threads;  // 19
     int64_t itrealvalue;
     uint64_t starttime;
-    uint64_t vsize;
+    uint64_t vsize;       // 22
     int64_t rss;          // 23
     uint64_t rsslim;
     uint64_t startcode;
@@ -1356,15 +1514,16 @@ process_data_p get_stat_data_for_pid(int
     }
     static char buf[BUF_SIZE];
     int bytes = read(fd, buf, BUF_SIZE);
+    close(fd);
     if (bytes < 50) {
         numad_log(LOG_WARNING, "Could not read stat file: %s\n", fname);
         return NULL;
     }
-    close(fd);
+    uint64_t val;
     char *p = buf;
     static process_data_t data;
     // Get PID from field 0
-    uint64_t val = *p++ - '0'; while (isdigit(*p)) { val *= 10; val += (*p++ - '0'); }
+    CONVERT_DIGITS_TO_NUM(p, val);
     data.pid = val;
     // Copy comm from field 1
     while (*p == ' ') { p++; }
@@ -1373,23 +1532,27 @@ process_data_p get_stat_data_for_pid(int
     // Skip fields 2 through 12
     for (int ix = 0;  (ix < 11);  ix++) { while (*p != ' ') { p++; } while (*p == ' ') { p++; } }
     // Get utime from field 13 for cpu_util
-    val = *p++ - '0'; while (isdigit(*p)) { val *= 10; val += (*p++ - '0'); }
+    CONVERT_DIGITS_TO_NUM(p, val);
     data.cpu_util = val;
     // Get stime from field 14 to add on to cpu_util (which already has utime)
     while (*p == ' ') { p++; }
-    val = *p++ - '0'; while (isdigit(*p)) { val *= 10; val += (*p++ - '0'); }
+    CONVERT_DIGITS_TO_NUM(p, val);
     data.cpu_util += val;
     // Skip fields 15 through 18
     while (*p == ' ') { p++; }
     for (int ix = 0;  (ix < 4);  ix++) { while (*p != ' ') { p++; } while (*p == ' ') { p++; } }
     // Get num_threads from field 19
-    val = *p++ - '0'; while (isdigit(*p)) { val *= 10; val += (*p++ - '0'); }
+    CONVERT_DIGITS_TO_NUM(p, val);
     data.num_threads = val;
-    // Skip fields 20 through 22
+    // Skip fields 20 through 21
     while (*p == ' ') { p++; }
-    for (int ix = 0;  (ix < 3);  ix++) { while (*p != ' ') { p++; } while (*p == ' ') { p++; } }
+    for (int ix = 0;  (ix < 2);  ix++) { while (*p != ' ') { p++; } while (*p == ' ') { p++; } }
+    // Get vsize from field 22 to compute MBs_size
+    CONVERT_DIGITS_TO_NUM(p, val);
+    data.MBs_size = val / MEGABYTE;
     // Get rss from field 23 to compute MBs_used
-    val = *p++ - '0'; while (isdigit(*p)) { val *= 10; val += (*p++ - '0'); }
+    while (*p == ' ') { p++; }
+    CONVERT_DIGITS_TO_NUM(p, val);
     data.MBs_used = (val * page_size_in_bytes) / MEGABYTE;
     // Return pointer to data
     return &data;
@@ -1471,446 +1634,409 @@ int update_processes() {
 }
 
 
+int initialize_mem_node_list(process_data_p p) {
+    // Parameter p is a pointer to an element in the hash table
+    if ((!p) || (p->pid < 1)) {
+        numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "Cannot initialize mem node lists with bad PID\n");
+        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+    }
+    int n = 0;
+    char fname[FNAME_SIZE];
+    char buf[BIG_BUF_SIZE];
+    p->process_MBs = NULL;
+    CLEAR_NODE_LIST(p->node_list_p);
+    snprintf(fname, FNAME_SIZE, "/proc/%d/status", p->pid);
+    int fd = open(fname, O_RDONLY, 0);
+    if (fd < 0) {
+        numad_log(LOG_WARNING, "Tried to research PID %d, but it apparently went away.\n", p->pid);
+        return 0;  // Assume the process terminated
+    }
+    int bytes = read(fd, buf, BIG_BUF_SIZE);
+    close(fd);
+    if (bytes <= 0) {
+        numad_log(LOG_WARNING, "Tried to research PID %d, but cannot read status file.\n", p->pid);
+        return 0;  // Assume the process terminated
+    } else if (bytes >= BIG_BUF_SIZE) {
+        buf[BIG_BUF_SIZE - 1] = '\0';
+    } else {
+        buf[bytes] = '\0';
+    }
+    char *list_str_p = strstr(buf, "Mems_allowed_list:");
+    if (!list_str_p) {
+        numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "Could not get node Mems_allowed_list\n");
+        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+    }
+    list_str_p += 18;
+    while (!isdigit(*list_str_p)) { list_str_p++; }
+    n = add_ids_to_list_from_str(p->node_list_p, list_str_p);
+    if (n < num_nodes) {
+        // If process already bound to a subset of nodes when we discover it,
+        // set initial bind_time_stamp to 30 minutes ago...
+        p->bind_time_stamp = get_time_stamp() - (1800 * ONE_HUNDRED);
+    }
+    return n;
+}
 
-id_list_p pick_numa_nodes(int pid, int cpus, int mbs) {
-    char buf[BUF_SIZE];
-    char buf2[BUF_SIZE];
+
+uint64_t combined_value_of_weighted_resources(int ix, int mbs, int cpus, uint64_t MBs_free, uint64_t CPUs_free) {
+    int64_t needed_mem;
+    int64_t needed_cpu;
+    int64_t excess_mem;
+    int64_t excess_cpu;
+    if (MBs_free > mbs) {
+        needed_mem = mbs;
+        excess_mem = MBs_free - mbs;
+    } else {
+        needed_mem = MBs_free;
+        excess_mem = 0;
+    }
+    if (CPUs_free > cpus) {
+        needed_cpu = cpus;
+        excess_cpu = CPUs_free - cpus;
+    } else {
+        needed_cpu = CPUs_free;
+        excess_cpu = 0;
+    }
+    // Weight the available resources, and then calculate magnitude as
+    // product of available CPUs and available MBs.
+    int64_t memfactor = (needed_mem * 10 + excess_mem * 4);
+    int64_t cpufactor = (needed_cpu *  6 + excess_cpu * 1);
+    numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "    Node[%d]: mem: %ld  cpu: %ld\n", ix, memfactor, cpufactor);
+    return (memfactor * cpufactor);
+}
+
+
+id_list_p pick_numa_nodes(int pid, int cpus, int mbs, int assume_enough_cpus) {
     if (log_level >= LOG_DEBUG) {
         numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "PICK NODES FOR:  PID: %d,  CPUs %d,  MBs %d\n", pid, cpus, mbs);
     }
-    int num_existing_mems = 0;
-    static id_list_p existing_mems_list_p;
-    CLEAR_LIST(existing_mems_list_p);
-    uint64_t time_stamp = get_time_stamp();
-    static node_data_p tmp_node;
-    static uint64_t *process_MBs;
-    static uint64_t *saved_magnitude_for_node;
-    static int process_MBs_num_nodes;
-    // See if dynamic structures need to grow.
-    if (process_MBs_num_nodes < num_nodes + 1) {
-        process_MBs_num_nodes = num_nodes + 1;
-        // The "+1 node" is for accumulating interleaved memory
-        process_MBs = realloc(process_MBs, process_MBs_num_nodes * sizeof(uint64_t));
-        tmp_node = realloc(tmp_node, num_nodes * sizeof(node_data_t) );
-        saved_magnitude_for_node = realloc(saved_magnitude_for_node, num_nodes * sizeof(uint64_t));
-        if ((process_MBs == NULL) || (tmp_node == NULL) || (saved_magnitude_for_node == NULL)) {
-            numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "process_MBs realloc failed\n");
-            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-        }
-    }
+    char buf[BUF_SIZE];
+    uint64_t proc_avg_node_CPUs_free = 0;
     // For existing processes, get miscellaneous process specific details
     int pid_ix;
     process_data_p p = NULL;
     if ((pid > 0) && ((pid_ix = process_hash_lookup(pid)) >= 0)) {
         p = &process_hash_table[pid_ix];
-        // Quick rejection if this process has interleaved memory, but recheck it once an hour...
-#define MIN_DELAY_FOR_INTERLEAVE (3600 * ONE_HUNDRED)
-        if (((p->flags & PROCESS_FLAG_INTERLEAVED) > 0)
-          && (p->bind_time_stamp + MIN_DELAY_FOR_INTERLEAVE > time_stamp)) {
-            if (log_level >= LOG_DEBUG) {
-                numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "Skipping evaluation because of interleaved memory.\n");
-            }
-            return NULL;
-        }
-        // Get cpuset name for this process, and existing mems binding, if any.
+        // Add up per-node memory in use by this process.
+        // This scanning is expensive and should be minimized.
         char fname[FNAME_SIZE];
-        snprintf(fname, FNAME_SIZE, "/proc/%d/cpuset", pid);
-        FILE *fs = fopen(fname, "r");
-        if (!fs) {
-            numad_log(LOG_WARNING, "Tried to research PID %d cpuset, but it apparently went away.\n", p->pid);
-            return NULL;  // Assume the process terminated?
-        }
-        if (!fgets(buf, BUF_SIZE, fs)) {
-            numad_log(LOG_WARNING, "Tried to research PID %d cpuset, but it apparently went away.\n", p->pid);
-            fclose(fs);
-            return NULL;  // Assume the process terminated?
-        }
-        fclose(fs);
-        ELIM_NEW_LINE(buf);
-        if ((!p->cpuset_name) || (strcmp(p->cpuset_name, buf))) {
-            if (p->cpuset_name != NULL) {
-                free(p->cpuset_name);
-            }
-            p->cpuset_name = strdup(buf);
-        }
-        if (log_level >= LOG_DEBUG) {
-            numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "CPUSET_NAME: %s\n", p->cpuset_name);
-        }
-        snprintf(fname, FNAME_SIZE, "%s%s/cpuset.mems", cpuset_dir, p->cpuset_name);
-        fs = fopen(fname, "r");
-        if ((fs) && (fgets(buf, BUF_SIZE, fs))) {
-            fclose(fs);
-            num_existing_mems = add_ids_to_list_from_str(existing_mems_list_p, buf);
-            if (log_level >= LOG_DEBUG) {
-                str_from_id_list(buf, BUF_SIZE, existing_mems_list_p);
-                numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "EXISTING CPUSET NODE LIST: %s\n", buf);
-            }
-        } 
-        // If this process was just recently bound, enforce a minimum delay
-        // period between repeated attempts to potentially move the memory.
-        // FIXME: ?? might this retard appropriate process expansion too much?  
-#define MIN_DELAY_FOR_REEVALUATION (30 * ONE_HUNDRED)
-        if (p->bind_time_stamp + MIN_DELAY_FOR_REEVALUATION > time_stamp) {
-            // Skip re-evaluation because we just did it recently.
-            if (log_level >= LOG_DEBUG) {
-                numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "Skipping evaluation because done too recently.\n");
-            }
-            return NULL;
-        }
-        // Look for short cut because of duplicate bindings.  If we have bound
-        // this process to the same nodes multiple times already, and the load
-        // on those nodes still seems acceptable, skip the rest of this and
-        // just return NULL to indicate no change needed.  FIXME: should figure
-        // out what can change that would make a rebinding desirable (e.g. (1)
-        // some process gets sub-optimal allocation on busy machine which
-        // subsequently becomes less busy leaving disadvantaged process. (2)
-        // node load imbalance, (3) any process split across nodes which should
-        // fit within a single node.) For now, just expire the dup_bid_count
-        // occasionally, which is a reasonably good mitigation.
-        // So, check to see if we should decay the dup_bind_count...
-#define DUP_BIND_TIME_OUT (300 * ONE_HUNDRED)
-        if ((p->dup_bind_count > 0) && (p->bind_time_stamp + DUP_BIND_TIME_OUT < time_stamp)) {
-            p->dup_bind_count -= 1;
-        }
-        // Now, look for short cut because of duplicate bindings
-        if (p->dup_bind_count > 0) {
-            int node_id = 0;
-            int nodes_have_cpu = 1;
-            int nodes_have_ram = 1;
-            int n = num_existing_mems;
-            int min_resource_pct = 100 - target_utilization;
-            if (min_resource_pct < 5) {
-                min_resource_pct = 5;
-            }
-            while (n) {
-                if (ID_IS_IN_LIST(node_id, existing_mems_list_p)) {
-                    nodes_have_cpu &= ((100 * node[node_id].CPUs_free / node[node_id].CPUs_total) >= (min_resource_pct));
-                    nodes_have_ram &= ((100 * node[node_id].MBs_free  / node[node_id].MBs_total)  >= (min_resource_pct));
-                    n -= 1;
-                }
-                node_id += 1;
-            }
-            if ((nodes_have_cpu) && (nodes_have_ram)) {
-                if (log_level >= LOG_DEBUG) {
-                    numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "Skipping evaluation because of repeat binding\n");
-                }
-                return NULL;
-            }
-            if (log_level >= LOG_DEBUG) {
-                numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "Evaluated for skipping by repeat binding, but CPUS: %d, RAM: %d\n", nodes_have_cpu, nodes_have_ram);
-            }
-        }
-        // Fourth, add up per-node memory in use by this process. This scanning
-        // is expensive and should be minimized.  Also, old kernels dismantle
-        // transparent huge pages while producing the numa_maps memory
-        // information! 
-        memset(process_MBs, 0, process_MBs_num_nodes * sizeof(uint64_t));
         snprintf(fname, FNAME_SIZE, "/proc/%d/numa_maps", pid);
-        fs = fopen(fname, "r");
+        FILE *fs = fopen(fname, "r");
         if (!fs) {
             numad_log(LOG_WARNING, "Tried to research PID %d numamaps, but it apparently went away.\n", p->pid);
             return NULL;  // Assume the process terminated
         }
+        // Allocate and zero per node memory array.
+        // The "+1 node" is for accumulating interleaved memory
+        p->process_MBs = realloc(p->process_MBs, (num_nodes + 1) * sizeof(uint64_t));
+        if (p->process_MBs == NULL) {
+            numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "p->process_MBs realloc failed\n");
+            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+        memset(p->process_MBs, 0, (num_nodes + 1) * sizeof(uint64_t));
         int process_has_interleaved_memory = 0;
         while (fgets(buf, BUF_SIZE, fs)) {
             int interleaved_memory = 0;
             uint64_t page_size = page_size_in_bytes;
             const char *delimiters = " \n";
-            char *p = strtok(buf, delimiters);
-            while (p) {
-                if (!strncmp(p, "interleave", 10)) {
+            char *str_p = strtok(buf, delimiters);
+            while (str_p) {
+                if (!strncmp(str_p, "interleave", 10)) {
                     interleaved_memory = 1;
                     process_has_interleaved_memory = 1;
-                } else if (!strcmp(p, "huge")) {
+                } else if (!strcmp(str_p, "huge")) {
                     page_size = huge_page_size_in_bytes;
-                } else if (*p++ == 'N') {
+                } else if (*str_p++ == 'N') {
                     int node;
                     uint64_t pages;
-                    CONVERT_DIGITS_TO_NUM(p, node);
-                    if (*p++ != '=') {
+                    CONVERT_DIGITS_TO_NUM(str_p, node);
+                    if (*str_p++ != '=') {
                         numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "numa_maps node number parse error\n");
                         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                     }
-                    CONVERT_DIGITS_TO_NUM(p, pages);
-                    process_MBs[node] += (pages * page_size);
+                    CONVERT_DIGITS_TO_NUM(str_p, pages);
+                    p->process_MBs[node] += (pages * page_size);
                     if (interleaved_memory) {
                         // sum interleaved quantity in "extra node"
-                        process_MBs[num_nodes] += (pages * page_size);
+                        p->process_MBs[num_nodes] += (pages * page_size);
                     }
                 }
                 // Get next token on the line
-                p = strtok(NULL, delimiters);
+                str_p = strtok(NULL, delimiters);
             }
         }
         fclose(fs);
+        proc_avg_node_CPUs_free = p->CPUs_used;
         for (int ix = 0;  (ix <= num_nodes);  ix++) {
-            process_MBs[ix] /= MEGABYTE;
-            if (log_level >= LOG_DEBUG) {
-                numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "PROCESS_MBs[%d]: %ld\n", ix, process_MBs[ix]);
+            p->process_MBs[ix] /= MEGABYTE;
+            if ((log_level >= LOG_DEBUG) && (p->process_MBs[ix] > 0)) {
+                if (ix == num_nodes) {
+                    numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "Interleaved MBs: %ld\n", ix, p->process_MBs[ix]);
+                } else {
+                    numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "PROCESS_MBs[%d]: %ld\n", ix, p->process_MBs[ix]);
+                }
+            }
+            if (ID_IS_IN_LIST(ix, p->node_list_p)) {
+                proc_avg_node_CPUs_free += node[ix].CPUs_free;
             }
         }
+        proc_avg_node_CPUs_free /= NUM_IDS_IN_LIST(p->node_list_p);
         if ((process_has_interleaved_memory) && (keep_interleaved_memory)) {
             // Mark this process as having interleaved memory so we do not
-            // merge the interleaved memory.  Time stamp it as done.
+            // merge the interleaved memory.  Time stamp it as done and return.
             p->flags |= PROCESS_FLAG_INTERLEAVED;
             p->bind_time_stamp = get_time_stamp();
             if (log_level >= LOG_DEBUG) {
-                numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "Skipping evaluation because of interleaved memory.\n");
+                numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "Skipping evaluation of PID %d because of interleaved memory.\n", p->pid);
             }
             return NULL;
         }
     }  // end of existing PID conditional
     // Make a copy of node available resources array.  Add in info specific to
     // this process to equalize available resource quantities wrt locations of
-    // resources already in use by this process.  Inflate the value of already
-    // assigned memory by approximately 3/2, because moving memory is
-    // expensive.  Average the amount of CPUs_free across the existing nodes
-    // used, because the threads are free to move around in that domain.  After
-    // calculating combined magnitude of available resources, bias the values
-    // towards existing locations for this process.
-    int target_using_all_nodes = 0;
-    uint64_t node_CPUs_free_for_this_process = 0;
-    memcpy(tmp_node, node, num_nodes * sizeof(node_data_t) );
-    if (num_existing_mems > 0) {
-        node_CPUs_free_for_this_process = cpus; // ?? Correct for utilization target inflation?
-        int node_id = 0;
-        int n = num_existing_mems;
-        while (n) {
-            if (ID_IS_IN_LIST(node_id, existing_mems_list_p)) {
-                node_CPUs_free_for_this_process += tmp_node[node_id].CPUs_free;
-                n -= 1;
-            }
-            node_id += 1;
-        }
-        // Divide to get average CPUs_free for the nodes in use by process
-        node_CPUs_free_for_this_process /= num_existing_mems;
+    // resources already in use by this process.
+    static node_data_p tmp_node;
+    tmp_node = realloc(tmp_node, num_nodes * sizeof(node_data_t) );
+    if (tmp_node == NULL) {
+        numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "tmp_node realloc failed\n");
+        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
     }
+    memcpy(tmp_node, node, num_nodes * sizeof(node_data_t) );
+    uint64_t sum_of_node_CPUs_free = 0;
     for (int ix = 0;  (ix < num_nodes);  ix++) {
         if (pid > 0) {
-            tmp_node[ix].MBs_free  += ((process_MBs[ix] * 12) / 8);
-        }
-        if ((num_existing_mems > 0) && (ID_IS_IN_LIST(ix, existing_mems_list_p))) {
-            tmp_node[ix].CPUs_free = node_CPUs_free_for_this_process;
-        }
-        if (tmp_node[ix].CPUs_free > tmp_node[ix].CPUs_total) {
-            tmp_node[ix].CPUs_free = tmp_node[ix].CPUs_total;
-        }
-        if (log_level >= LOG_DEBUG) {
-            numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "PROCESS_CPUs[%d]: %ld\n", ix, tmp_node[ix].CPUs_free);
+            if (NUM_IDS_IN_LIST(p->node_list_p) >= num_nodes) {
+                // Process not yet bound to a subset of nodes.
+                // Add back memory used by this process on this node.
+                tmp_node[ix].MBs_free += ((p->process_MBs[ix] * 17) / 16);  // Apply light mem bias
+                // Add back CPU used by this process in proportion to the memory used on this node.
+                tmp_node[ix].CPUs_free += ((p->CPUs_used * p->process_MBs[ix]) / p->MBs_used);
+            } else {
+                // If the process is currently running on less than all the
+                // nodes, first add back (biased) memory already used by this
+                // process on this node, then assign average process CPU / node
+                // for this process iff the process is present on this node.
+                tmp_node[ix].MBs_free += ((p->process_MBs[ix] * 5) / 4);  // Apply heavy mem bias
+                if (ID_IS_IN_LIST(ix, p->node_list_p)) {
+                    tmp_node[ix].CPUs_free = proc_avg_node_CPUs_free;
+                }
+            }
+            sum_of_node_CPUs_free += tmp_node[ix].CPUs_free;
+            if (tmp_node[ix].CPUs_free > tmp_node[ix].CPUs_total) {
+                tmp_node[ix].CPUs_free = tmp_node[ix].CPUs_total;
+            }
+            if (tmp_node[ix].MBs_free > tmp_node[ix].MBs_total) {
+                tmp_node[ix].MBs_free = tmp_node[ix].MBs_total;
+            }
         }
-        // Calculate magnitude as product of available CPUs and available MBs
-        tmp_node[ix].magnitude = tmp_node[ix].CPUs_free * tmp_node[ix].MBs_free;
-        // Bias combined magnitude towards already assigned nodes
-        if (ID_IS_IN_LIST(ix, existing_mems_list_p)) {
-            tmp_node[ix].magnitude *= 9;
-            tmp_node[ix].magnitude /= 8;
+        // Enforce 1/100th CPU minimum
+        if (tmp_node[ix].CPUs_free < 1) {
+            tmp_node[ix].CPUs_free = 1;
         }
-        // Save the current magnitudes
-        saved_magnitude_for_node[ix] = tmp_node[ix].magnitude;
+        // numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "Raw Node[%d]: mem: %ld  cpu: %ld\n", ix, tmp_node[ix].MBs_free, tmp_node[ix].CPUs_free);
+        tmp_node[ix].magnitude = combined_value_of_weighted_resources(ix, mbs, cpus, tmp_node[ix].MBs_free, tmp_node[ix].CPUs_free);
     }
-    // OK, figure out where to get resources for this request.
+    // Now figure out where to get resources for this request....
     static id_list_p target_node_list_p;
-    CLEAR_LIST(target_node_list_p);
-    int prev_node_used = -1;
-    // Continue to allocate more resources until request are met.
-    // OK if not not quite all the CPU request is met.
-    // FIXME: ?? Is half of the utilization margin a good amount of CPU flexing?
-    int cpu_flex = ((100 - target_utilization) * tmp_node[0].CPUs_total) / 200; 
-    if (pid <= 0) {
-        // If trying to find resources for pre-placement advice request, do not
-        // underestimate the amount of CPUs needed.  Instead, err on the side
-        // of providing too many resources.  So, no flexing here...
-        cpu_flex = 0;
-    }
-    while ((mbs > 0) || (cpus > cpu_flex)) {
-        if (log_level >= LOG_DEBUG) {
-            numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "MBs: %d,  CPUs: %d\n", mbs, cpus);
+    CLEAR_NODE_LIST(target_node_list_p);
+    if ((pid > 0) && (cpus > sum_of_node_CPUs_free)) {
+        // System CPUs might be oversubscribed, but...
+        assume_enough_cpus = 1;
+        // and rely on available memory for placement.
+    }
+    // Establish a CPU flex fudge factor, on the presumption it is OK if not
+    // quite all the CPU request is met.  However, if trying to find resources
+    // for pre-placement advice request, do not underestimate the amount of
+    // CPUs needed.  Instead, err on the side of providing too many resources.
+    int cpu_flex = 0;
+    if ((pid > 0) && (target_utilization < 100)) {
+        // FIXME: Is half of the utilization margin a good amount of CPU flexing?
+        cpu_flex = ((100 - target_utilization) * node[0].CPUs_total) / 200;
+    }
+    // Figure out minimum number of nodes required
+    int mem_req_nodes = ceil((double)mbs  / (double)node[0].MBs_total);
+    int cpu_req_nodes = ceil((double)(cpus - cpu_flex) / (double)node[0].CPUs_total); 
+    int min_req_nodes = mem_req_nodes;
+    if (min_req_nodes < cpu_req_nodes) {
+        min_req_nodes = cpu_req_nodes;
+    }
+    if (min_req_nodes > num_nodes) {
+        min_req_nodes = num_nodes;
+    }
+    // Use an index to sort NUMA connected resource chain for each node
+    int index[num_nodes];
+    uint64_t totmag[num_nodes];
+    for (int ix = 0;  (ix < num_nodes);  ix++) {
+        // Reset the index each time
+        for (int n = 0;  (n < num_nodes);  n++) {
+            index[n] = n;
         }
-        // Sort nodes by magnitude of available resources.  Note that
-        // inter-node distances (to the previous node used) are factored into
-        // the sort.
+        // Sort by minimum relative NUMA distance from node[ix],
+        // breaking distance ties with magnitude of available resources
         for (int ij = 0;  (ij < num_nodes);  ij++) {
-            int big_ix = ij;
+            int best_ix = ij;
             for (int ik = ij + 1;  (ik < num_nodes);  ik++) {
-                uint64_t ik_dist = 1;
-                uint64_t big_ix_dist = 1;
-                if (prev_node_used >= 0) {
-                    ik_dist = tmp_node[ik].distance[prev_node_used];
-                    big_ix_dist = tmp_node[big_ix].distance[prev_node_used];
-                }
-                // Scale magnitude comparison by distances to previous node used...
-                if ((tmp_node[big_ix].magnitude / big_ix_dist) < (tmp_node[ik].magnitude / ik_dist)) {
-                    big_ix = ik;
-                }
-            }
-            if (big_ix != ij) {
-                node_data_t tmp;
-                memcpy((void *)&tmp, (void *)&tmp_node[ij], sizeof(node_data_t) );
-                memcpy((void *)&tmp_node[ij], (void *)&tmp_node[big_ix], sizeof(node_data_t) );
-                memcpy((void *)&tmp_node[big_ix], (void *)&tmp, sizeof(node_data_t) );
+                int ik_dist = tmp_node[index[ik]].distance[ix];
+                int best_ix_dist = tmp_node[index[best_ix]].distance[ix];
+                if (best_ix_dist > ik_dist) {
+                    best_ix = ik;
+                } else if (best_ix_dist == ik_dist) {
+                    if (tmp_node[index[best_ix]].magnitude < tmp_node[index[ik]].magnitude ) {
+                        best_ix = ik;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if (best_ix != ij) {
+                int tmp = index[ij];
+                index[ij] = index[best_ix];
+                index[best_ix] = tmp;
             }
         }
+#if 0
         if (log_level >= LOG_DEBUG) {
-            for (int ix = 0;  (ix < num_nodes);  ix++) {
-                numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "Sorted magnitude[%d]: %ld\n", tmp_node[ix].node_id, tmp_node[ix].magnitude);
+            for (int iq = 0;  (iq < num_nodes);  iq++) {
+                numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "Node: %d  Dist: %d  Magnitude: %ld\n",
+                    tmp_node[index[iq]].node_id, tmp_node[index[iq]].distance[ix], tmp_node[index[iq]].magnitude);
+            }
+        }
+#endif
+        // Save the totmag[] sum of the magnitudes of expected needed nodes,
+        // "normalized" by NUMA distance (by dividing each magnitude by the
+        // relative distance squared).
+        totmag[ix] = 0;
+        for (int ij = 0;  (ij < min_req_nodes);  ij++) {
+            int dist = tmp_node[index[ij]].distance[ix];
+            totmag[ix] += (tmp_node[index[ij]].magnitude / (dist * dist));
+        }
+        numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "Totmag[%d]: %ld\n", ix, totmag[ix]);
+    }
+    // Now find the best NUMA node based on the normalized sum of node
+    // magnitudes expected to be used.
+    int best_node_ix = 0;
+    for (int ix = 0;  (ix < num_nodes);  ix++) {
+        if (totmag[best_node_ix] < totmag[ix]) {
+            best_node_ix = ix;
+        }
+    }
+    numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "best_node_ix: %d\n", best_node_ix);
+    // Reset sorting index again
+    for (int n = 0;  (n < num_nodes);  n++) {
+        index[n] = n;
+    }
+    // Sort index by distance from node[best_node_ix],
+    // breaking distance ties with magnitude
+    for (int ij = 0;  (ij < num_nodes);  ij++) {
+        int best_ix = ij;
+        for (int ik = ij + 1;  (ik < num_nodes);  ik++) {
+            int ik_dist = tmp_node[index[ik]].distance[best_node_ix];
+            int best_ix_dist = tmp_node[index[best_ix]].distance[best_node_ix];
+            if (best_ix_dist > ik_dist) {
+                best_ix = ik;
+            } else if (best_ix_dist == ik_dist) {
+                if (tmp_node[index[best_ix]].magnitude < tmp_node[index[ik]].magnitude ) {
+                    best_ix = ik;
+                }
             }
         }
-        if (tmp_node[0].node_id == prev_node_used) {
-            // Hmmm.  Looks like the best node for more resources, is also the
-            // last one we used.  This is not going to make progress...  So
-            // just punt and use everything.
-            OR_LISTS(target_node_list_p, target_node_list_p, all_nodes_list_p);
-            target_using_all_nodes = 1;
-            break;
+        if (best_ix != ij) {
+            int tmp = index[ij];
+            index[ij] = index[best_ix];
+            index[best_ix] = tmp;
+        }
+    }
+    if (log_level >= LOG_DEBUG) {
+        for (int iq = 0;  (iq < num_nodes);  iq++) {
+            numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "Node: %d  Dist: %d  Magnitude: %ld\n",
+                tmp_node[index[iq]].node_id, tmp_node[index[iq]].distance[best_node_ix], tmp_node[index[iq]].magnitude);
         }
-        prev_node_used = tmp_node[0].node_id;
-        ADD_ID_TO_LIST(tmp_node[0].node_id, target_node_list_p);
+    }
+    // Allocate more resources until request is met.
+    best_node_ix = 0;
+    while ((min_req_nodes > 0) || (mbs > 0) || ((cpus > cpu_flex) && (!assume_enough_cpus))) {
         if (log_level >= LOG_DEBUG) {
-            str_from_id_list(buf,  BUF_SIZE, existing_mems_list_p);
-            str_from_id_list(buf2, BUF_SIZE, target_node_list_p);
-            numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "Existing nodes: %s  Target nodes: %s\n", buf, buf2);
+            numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "MBs: %d,  CPUs: %d\n", mbs, cpus);
         }
+        numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "Assigning resources from node %d\n", index[best_node_ix]);
+        ADD_ID_TO_LIST(tmp_node[index[best_node_ix]].node_id, target_node_list_p);
+        min_req_nodes -= 1;
         if (EQUAL_LISTS(target_node_list_p, all_nodes_list_p)) {
             // Apparently we must use all resource nodes...
-            target_using_all_nodes = 1;
             break;
         }
-#define MBS_MARGIN 10
-        if (tmp_node[0].MBs_free >= (mbs + MBS_MARGIN)) {
-            tmp_node[0].MBs_free -= mbs;
+        // "Consume" the resources on this node
+#define CPUS_MARGIN 0
+#define MBS_MARGIN 100
+        if (tmp_node[index[best_node_ix]].MBs_free >= (mbs + MBS_MARGIN)) {
+            tmp_node[index[best_node_ix]].MBs_free -= mbs;
             mbs = 0;
         } else {
-            mbs -= (tmp_node[0].MBs_free - MBS_MARGIN);
-            tmp_node[0].MBs_free = MBS_MARGIN;
+            mbs -= (tmp_node[index[best_node_ix]].MBs_free - MBS_MARGIN);
+            tmp_node[index[best_node_ix]].MBs_free = MBS_MARGIN;
         }
-#define CPUS_MARGIN 0
-        if (tmp_node[0].CPUs_free >= (cpus + CPUS_MARGIN)) {
-            tmp_node[0].CPUs_free -= cpus;
+        if (tmp_node[index[best_node_ix]].CPUs_free >= (cpus + CPUS_MARGIN)) {
+            tmp_node[index[best_node_ix]].CPUs_free -= cpus;
             cpus = 0;
         } else {
-            cpus -= (tmp_node[0].CPUs_free - CPUS_MARGIN);
-            tmp_node[0].CPUs_free = CPUS_MARGIN;
-        }
-        tmp_node[0].magnitude = tmp_node[0].CPUs_free * tmp_node[0].MBs_free;
-    }
-    // If this existing process is already located where we want it, and almost
-    // all memory is already moved to those nodes, then return NULL indicating
-    // no need to change binding this time.
-    if ((pid > 0) && (EQUAL_LISTS(target_node_list_p, existing_mems_list_p))) {
-        // May not need to change binding.  However, if there is any significant
-        // memory still on non-target nodes, advise the bind anyway because
-        // there are some scenarios when the kernel will not move it all the
-        // first time.
-        if (!target_using_all_nodes) {
-            p->dup_bind_count += 1;
-            for (int ix = 0;  (ix < num_nodes);  ix++) {
-                if ((process_MBs[ix] > 10) && (!ID_IS_IN_LIST(ix, target_node_list_p))) {
-                    goto try_memory_move_again;
-                }
-            }
-            // We will accept these memory locations.  Stamp it as done.
-            p->bind_time_stamp = get_time_stamp();
-        }
-        // Skip rebinding either because practically all memory is in the
-        // target nodes, or because we are stuck using all the nodes.
-        if (log_level >= LOG_DEBUG) {
-            numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "Skipping evaluation because memory is reasonably situated.\n");
+            cpus -= (tmp_node[index[best_node_ix]].CPUs_free - CPUS_MARGIN);
+            tmp_node[index[best_node_ix]].CPUs_free = CPUS_MARGIN;
         }
-        return NULL;
-    } else {
-        // Either a non-existing process, or a new binding for an existing process.
-        if (p != NULL) {
-            // Must be a new binding for an existing process, so reset dup_bind_count.
-            p->dup_bind_count = 0;
-        }
-    }
-    // See if this proposed move will make a significant difference.
-    // If not, return null instead of advising the move.
-    uint64_t target_magnitude = 0;
-    uint64_t existing_magnitude = 0;
-    int num_target_nodes   = NUM_IDS_IN_LIST(target_node_list_p);
-    int num_existing_nodes = NUM_IDS_IN_LIST(existing_mems_list_p);
-    /* FIXME: this expansion seems to cause excessive growth
-     * So calculate the improvement before hastily expanding nodes.
-    if (num_target_nodes > num_existing_nodes) { goto try_memory_move_again; }
-    */
-    int node_id = 0;
-    int n = num_existing_nodes + num_target_nodes;
-    while (n) {
-        if (ID_IS_IN_LIST(node_id, target_node_list_p)) {
-            target_magnitude += saved_magnitude_for_node[node_id];
-            n -= 1;
-        }
-        if (ID_IS_IN_LIST(node_id, existing_mems_list_p)) {
-            existing_magnitude += saved_magnitude_for_node[node_id];
-            n -= 1;
-        }
-        node_id += 1;
-    }
-    if (existing_magnitude > 0) {
-        uint64_t magnitude_change = ((target_magnitude - existing_magnitude) * 100) / existing_magnitude;
-        if (magnitude_change < 0) {
-            magnitude_change = -(magnitude_change);
-        }
-        if (magnitude_change <= IMPROVEMENT_THRESHOLD_PERCENT) {
-            // Not significant enough percentage change to do rebind
+        // Next line optional, since we will not look at that node again
+        tmp_node[index[best_node_ix]].magnitude = combined_value_of_weighted_resources(0, mbs, cpus, tmp_node[index[best_node_ix]].MBs_free, tmp_node[index[best_node_ix]].CPUs_free);
+        best_node_ix += 1;
+    }
+    // For existing processes, calculate the non-local memory percent to see if
+    // process is already in the right place.
+    if ((pid > 0) && (p != NULL)) {
+        uint64_t nonlocal_memory = 0;
+        for (int ix = 0;  (ix < num_nodes);  ix++) {
+            if (!ID_IS_IN_LIST(ix, target_node_list_p)) {
+                // Accumulate total of nonlocal memory
+                nonlocal_memory += p->process_MBs[ix];
+            }
+        }
+        int disp_percent = (100 * nonlocal_memory) / p->MBs_used;
+        // If this existing process is already located where we want it, then just
+        // return NULL indicating no need to change binding this time.  Check the
+        // ammount of nonlocal memory against the target_memlocality_perecent.
+        if ((disp_percent <= (100 - target_memlocality)) && (p->bind_time_stamp) && (EQUAL_LISTS(target_node_list_p, p->node_list_p))) {
+            // Already bound to targets, and enough of the memory is located where we want it, so no need to rebind
             if (log_level >= LOG_DEBUG) {
-                str_from_id_list(buf,  BUF_SIZE, existing_mems_list_p);
-                str_from_id_list(buf2, BUF_SIZE, target_node_list_p);
-                numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "Moving pid %d from nodes (%s) to nodes (%s) skipped as insignificant improvement: %ld percent.\n",
-                    pid, buf, buf2, magnitude_change);
+                numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "Process %d already %d percent localized to target nodes.\n", p->pid, 100 - disp_percent);
             }
-            // We decided this is almost good enough.  Stamp it as done.
             p->bind_time_stamp = get_time_stamp();
             return NULL;
         }
     }
-    if ((pid <= 0) && (num_target_nodes <= 0)) {
-        // Always provide at least one node for pre-placement advice
+    // Must always provide at least one node for pre-placement advice
+    // FIXME: verify this can happen only if no resources requested...
+    if ((pid <= 0) && (NUM_IDS_IN_LIST(target_node_list_p) <= 0)) {
         ADD_ID_TO_LIST(node[0].node_id, target_node_list_p);
     }
-try_memory_move_again:
-    str_from_id_list(buf,  BUF_SIZE, existing_mems_list_p);
+    // Log advice, and return target node list
+    if ((pid > 0) && (p->bind_time_stamp)) {
+        str_from_id_list(buf,  BUF_SIZE, p->node_list_p);
+    } else {
+        str_from_id_list(buf,  BUF_SIZE, all_nodes_list_p);
+    }
+    char buf2[BUF_SIZE];
     str_from_id_list(buf2, BUF_SIZE, target_node_list_p);
     char *cmd_name = "(unknown)";
     if ((p) && (p->comm)) {
         cmd_name = p->comm;
     }
     numad_log(LOG_NOTICE, "Advising pid %d %s move from nodes (%s) to nodes (%s)\n", pid, cmd_name, buf, buf2);
+    if (pid > 0) {
+        COPY_LIST(target_node_list_p, p->node_list_p);
+    }
     return target_node_list_p;
 }
 
 
-
-void show_processes(process_data_p *ptr, int nprocs) {
-    time_t ts = time(NULL);
-    fprintf(log_fs, "%s", ctime(&ts));
-    fprintf(log_fs, "Candidates: %d\n", nprocs);
-    for (int ix = 0;  (ix < nprocs);  ix++) {
-        process_data_p p = ptr[ix];
-        char buf[BUF_SIZE];
-        snprintf(buf, BUF_SIZE, "%s%s/cpuset.mems", cpuset_dir, p->cpuset_name);
-        FILE *fs = fopen(buf, "r");
-        buf[0] = '\0';
-        if (fs) {
-            if (fgets(buf, BUF_SIZE, fs)) {
-                ELIM_NEW_LINE(buf);
-            }
-            fclose(fs);
-        }
-        fprintf(log_fs, "%ld: PID %d: %s, Threads %2ld, MBs_used %6ld, CPUs_used %4ld, Magnitude %6ld, Nodes: %s\n", 
-            p->data_time_stamp, p->pid, p->comm, p->num_threads, p->MBs_used, p->CPUs_used, p->MBs_used * p->CPUs_used, buf);
-        }
-    fprintf(log_fs, "\n");
-    fflush(log_fs);
-}
-
-
-
 int manage_loads() {
+    uint64_t time_stamp = get_time_stamp();
     // Use temporary index to access and sort hash table entries
-    static process_data_p *pindex;
     static int pindex_size;
+    static process_data_p *pindex;
     if (pindex_size < process_hash_table_size) {
         pindex_size = process_hash_table_size;
         pindex = realloc(pindex, pindex_size * sizeof(process_data_p));
@@ -1923,19 +2049,54 @@ int manage_loads() {
         return min_interval / 2;
     }
     memset(pindex, 0, pindex_size * sizeof(process_data_p));
-    // Copy live candidate pointers to the index for sorting, etc
+    // Copy live candidate pointers to the index for sorting
+    // if they meet the threshold for memory usage and CPU usage.
     int nprocs = 0;
+    long sum_CPUs_used = 0;
     for (int ix = 0;  (ix < process_hash_table_size);  ix++) {
         process_data_p p = &process_hash_table[ix];
-        if (p->pid) {
+        if ((p->pid) && (p->CPUs_used > CPU_THRESHOLD) && (p->MBs_used > MEMORY_THRESHOLD)) {
             pindex[nprocs++] = p;
+            sum_CPUs_used += p->CPUs_used;
+            // Initialize node list, if not already done for this process.
+            if (p->node_list_p == NULL) {
+                initialize_mem_node_list(p);
+            }
         }
     }
-    // Sort index by amount of CPU used * amount of memory used.  Not expecting
-    // a long list here.  Use a simple sort -- however, sort into bins,
-    // treating values within 10% as aquivalent.  Within bins, order by
-    // bind_time_stamp so oldest bound will be higher priority to evaluate.
+    // Order candidate considerations using timestamps and magnitude: amount of
+    // CPU used * amount of memory used.  Not expecting a long list here.  Use
+    // a simplistic sort -- however move all not yet bound to front of list and
+    // order by decreasing magnitude.  Previously bound processes follow in
+    // bins of increasing magnitude treating values within 20% as aquivalent.
+    // Within bins, order by bind_time_stamp so oldest bound will be higher
+    // priority to evaluate.  Start by moving all unbound to beginning.
+    int num_unbound = 0;
     for (int ij = 0;  (ij < nprocs);  ij++) {
+        if (pindex[ij]->bind_time_stamp == 0) {
+            process_data_p tmp = pindex[num_unbound];
+            pindex[num_unbound++] = pindex[ij];
+            pindex[ij] = tmp;
+        }
+    }
+    // Sort all unbound so biggest magnitude comes first
+    for (int ij = 0;  (ij < num_unbound);  ij++) {
+        int best = ij;
+        for (int ik = ij + 1;  (ik < num_unbound);  ik++) {
+            uint64_t   ik_mag = (pindex[  ik]->CPUs_used * pindex[  ik]->MBs_used);
+            uint64_t best_mag = (pindex[best]->CPUs_used * pindex[best]->MBs_used);
+            if (ik_mag <= best_mag) continue;
+            best = ik;
+        }
+        if (best != ij) {
+            process_data_p tmp = pindex[ij];
+            pindex[ij] = pindex[best];
+            pindex[best] = tmp;
+        }
+    }
+    // Sort the remaining candidates into bins of increasting magnitude, and by
+    // timestamp within bins.
+    for (int ij = num_unbound;  (ij < nprocs);  ij++) {
         int best = ij;
         for (int ik = ij + 1;  (ik < nprocs);  ik++) {
             uint64_t   ik_mag = (pindex[  ik]->CPUs_used * pindex[  ik]->MBs_used);
@@ -1946,11 +2107,11 @@ int manage_loads() {
                 diff_mag = -(diff_mag);
                 min_mag = best_mag;
             }
-            if ((diff_mag > 0) && (min_mag / diff_mag < 10)) {
-                // difference > 10 percent.  Use strict ordering
+            if ((diff_mag > 0) && (min_mag / diff_mag < 5)) {
+                // difference > 20 percent.  Use magnitude ordering
                 if (ik_mag <= best_mag) continue;
             } else {
-                // difference within 10 percent.  Sort these by bind_time_stamp.
+                // difference within 20 percent.  Sort these by bind_time_stamp.
                 if (pindex[ik]->bind_time_stamp > pindex[best]->bind_time_stamp) continue;
             }
             best = ik;
@@ -1961,23 +2122,57 @@ int manage_loads() {
             pindex[best] = tmp;
         }
     }
+    // Show the candidate processes in the log file
     if ((log_level >= LOG_INFO) && (nprocs > 0)) {
-        show_processes(pindex, nprocs);
+        numad_log(LOG_INFO, "Candidates: %d\n", nprocs);
+        for (int ix = 0;  (ix < nprocs);  ix++) {
+            process_data_p p = pindex[ix];
+            char buf[BUF_SIZE];
+            str_from_id_list(buf, BUF_SIZE, p->node_list_p);
+            fprintf(log_fs, "%ld: PID %d: %s, Threads %2ld, MBs_size %6ld, MBs_used %6ld, CPUs_used %4ld, Magnitude %6ld, Nodes: %s\n", 
+                p->data_time_stamp, p->pid, p->comm, p->num_threads, p->MBs_size, p->MBs_used, p->CPUs_used, p->MBs_used * p->CPUs_used, buf);
+            }
+        fflush(log_fs);
     }
-    // Estimate desired size and make resource requests for each significant process
+    // Estimate desired size (+ margin capacity) and
+    // make resource requests for each candidate process
     for (int ix = 0;  (ix < nprocs);  ix++) {
         process_data_p p = pindex[ix];
-        if (p->CPUs_used * p->MBs_used < CPU_THRESHOLD * MEMORY_THRESHOLD) {
-            break; // No more significant processes worth worrying about...
+        // If this process has interleaved memory, recheck it only every 30 minutes...
+#define MIN_DELAY_FOR_INTERLEAVE (1800 * ONE_HUNDRED)
+        if (((p->flags & PROCESS_FLAG_INTERLEAVED) > 0)
+          && (p->bind_time_stamp + MIN_DELAY_FOR_INTERLEAVE > time_stamp)) {
+            if (log_level >= LOG_DEBUG) {
+                numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "Skipping evaluation of PID %d because of interleaved memory.\n", p->pid);
+            }
+            continue;
+        }
+        // Expand resources needed estimate using target_utilization factor.
+        // Start with the CPUs actually used (capped by number of threads) for
+        // CPUs required, and the RSS MBs actually used for the MBs
+        // requirement,
+        int mem_target_utilization = target_utilization;
+        int cpu_target_utilization = target_utilization;
+        // Cap memory utilization at 100 percent (but allow CPUs to oversubscribe)
+        if (mem_target_utilization > 100) {
+            mem_target_utilization = 100;
+        }
+        // If the process virtual memory size is bigger than one node, and it
+        // is already using more than 80 percent of a node, then request MBs
+        // based on the virtual size rather than on the current amount in use.
+        int mb_request;
+        if ((p->MBs_size > node[0].MBs_total) && ((p->MBs_used * 5 / 4) > node[0].MBs_total)) {
+            mb_request = (p->MBs_size * 100) / mem_target_utilization;
+        } else {
+            mb_request = (p->MBs_used * 100) / mem_target_utilization;
         }
-        int mb_request  =  (p->MBs_used * 100) / target_utilization;
-        int cpu_request = (p->CPUs_used * 100) / target_utilization;
-        // Do not give a process more CPUs than it has threads!
-        // FIXME: For guest VMs, should limit max to VCPU threads. Will
-        // need to do something more intelligent with guest IO threads
-        // when eventually considering devices and IRQs.
+        int cpu_request = (p->CPUs_used * 100) / cpu_target_utilization;
+        // But do not give a process more CPUs than it has threads!
         int thread_limit = p->num_threads;
-        // If process looks like a KVM guest, try to limit to number of vCPU threads
+        // If process looks like a KVM guest, try to limit thread count to the
+        // number of vCPU threads.  FIXME: Will need to do something more
+        // intelligent than this with guest IO threads when eventually
+        // considering devices and IRQs.
         if ((p->comm) && (p->comm[0] == '(') && (p->comm[1] == 'q') && (strcmp(p->comm, "(qemu-kvm)") == 0)) {
             int kvm_vcpu_threads = get_num_kvm_vcpu_threads(p->pid);
             if (thread_limit > kvm_vcpu_threads) {
@@ -1988,23 +2183,51 @@ int manage_loads() {
         if (cpu_request > thread_limit) {
             cpu_request = thread_limit;
         }
+        // If this process was recently bound, enforce a five-minute minimum
+        // delay between repeated attempts to potentially move the process.
+#define MIN_DELAY_FOR_REEVALUATION (300 * ONE_HUNDRED)
+        if (p->bind_time_stamp + MIN_DELAY_FOR_REEVALUATION > time_stamp) {
+            // Skip re-evaluation because we just did it recently, but check
+            // first for node utilization balance to see if we should
+            // re-evaluate this particular process right now.  If this process
+            // is running on one of the busiest nodes, go ahead and re-evaluate
+            // it if it looks like it should have a better place with
+            // sufficient resources.  FIXME: this is currently implemented for
+            // only smallish processes that will fit in a single node.
+            if ( ( ID_IS_IN_LIST(min_node_CPUs_free_ix, p->node_list_p) || ID_IS_IN_LIST(min_node_MBs_free_ix, p->node_list_p))
+                && (cpu_request < node[0].CPUs_total) && (mb_request < node[0].MBs_total) 
+                && (abs(min_node_CPUs_free + p->CPUs_used - avg_node_CPUs_free) 
+                    + abs((max_node_CPUs_free - p->CPUs_used) - avg_node_CPUs_free) 
+                    < (max_node_CPUs_free - min_node_CPUs_free) - CPU_THRESHOLD)  // CPU slop
+                && (abs(min_node_MBs_free + p->MBs_used - avg_node_MBs_free)
+                    + abs((max_node_MBs_free - p->MBs_used) - avg_node_MBs_free) 
+                    < (max_node_MBs_free - min_node_MBs_free)) ) { 
+                if (log_level >= LOG_DEBUG) {
+                    numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "Bypassing delay for %d because it looks like it can do better.\n", p->pid);
+                }
+            } else {
+                if (log_level >= LOG_DEBUG) {
+                    numad_log(LOG_DEBUG, "Skipping evaluation of PID %d because done too recently.\n", p->pid);
+                }
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+        // OK, now pick NUMA nodes for this process and bind it!
         pthread_mutex_lock(&node_info_mutex);
-        id_list_p node_list_p = pick_numa_nodes(p->pid, cpu_request, mb_request);
-        // FIXME: ?? copy node_list_p to shorten mutex region?
-        if ((node_list_p != NULL) && (bind_process_and_migrate_memory(p->pid, p->cpuset_name, node_list_p, NULL))) {
-            // Shorten interval if actively moving processes
+        int assume_enough_cpus = (sum_CPUs_used <= sum_CPUs_total);
+        id_list_p node_list_p = pick_numa_nodes(p->pid, cpu_request, mb_request, assume_enough_cpus);
+        if ((node_list_p != NULL) && (bind_process_and_migrate_memory(p))) {
             pthread_mutex_unlock(&node_info_mutex);
-            p->bind_time_stamp = get_time_stamp();
+            // Return minimum interval when actively moving processes
             return min_interval;
         }
         pthread_mutex_unlock(&node_info_mutex);
     }
-    // Return maximum interval if no process movement
+    // Return maximum interval when no process movement
     return max_interval;
 }
 
 
-
 void *set_dynamic_options(void *arg) {
     // int arg_value = *(int *)arg;
     char buf[BUF_SIZE];
@@ -2013,6 +2236,18 @@ void *set_dynamic_options(void *arg) {
         msg_t msg;
         recv_msg(&msg);
         switch (msg.body.cmd) {
+        case 'C':
+            use_inactive_file_cache = (msg.body.arg1 != 0);
+            if (use_inactive_file_cache) {
+                numad_log(LOG_NOTICE, "Counting inactive file cache as available\n");
+            } else {
+                numad_log(LOG_NOTICE, "Counting inactive file cache as unavailable\n");
+            }
+            break;
+        case 'H':
+            thp_scan_sleep_ms = msg.body.arg1;
+            set_thp_scan_sleep_ms(thp_scan_sleep_ms);
+            break;
         case 'i':
             min_interval = msg.body.arg1;
             max_interval = msg.body.arg2;
@@ -2033,6 +2268,10 @@ void *set_dynamic_options(void *arg) {
             numad_log(LOG_NOTICE, "Changing log level to %d\n", msg.body.arg1);
             log_level = msg.body.arg1;
             break;
+        case 'm':
+            numad_log(LOG_NOTICE, "Changing target memory locality to %d\n", msg.body.arg1);
+            target_memlocality = msg.body.arg1;
+            break;
         case 'p':
             numad_log(LOG_NOTICE, "Adding PID %d to inclusion PID list\n", msg.body.arg1);
             pthread_mutex_lock(&pid_list_mutex);
@@ -2055,6 +2294,11 @@ void *set_dynamic_options(void *arg) {
                 numad_log(LOG_NOTICE, "Scanning only explicit PID list processes\n");
             }
             break;
+        case 't':
+            numad_log(LOG_NOTICE, "Changing logical CPU thread percent to %d\n", msg.body.arg1);
+            htt_percent = msg.body.arg1;
+            node_info_time_stamp = 0; // to force rescan of nodes/cpus soon
+            break;
         case 'u':
             numad_log(LOG_NOTICE, "Changing target utilization to %d\n", msg.body.arg1);
             target_utilization = msg.body.arg1;
@@ -2064,7 +2308,7 @@ void *set_dynamic_options(void *arg) {
                                     msg.body.arg1, msg.body.arg2);
             pthread_mutex_lock(&node_info_mutex);
             update_nodes();
-            id_list_p node_list_p = pick_numa_nodes(-1, msg.body.arg1, msg.body.arg2);
+            id_list_p node_list_p = pick_numa_nodes(-1, msg.body.arg1, msg.body.arg2, 0);
             str_from_id_list(buf, BUF_SIZE, node_list_p);
             pthread_mutex_unlock(&node_info_mutex);
             send_msg(msg.body.src_pid, 'w', 0, 0, buf);
@@ -2134,30 +2378,50 @@ void parse_two_arg_values(char *p, int *
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
     int opt;
+    int C_flag = 0;
     int d_flag = 0;
+    int H_flag = 0;
     int i_flag = 0;
     int K_flag = 0;
     int l_flag = 0;
+    int m_flag = 0;
     int p_flag = 0;
     int r_flag = 0;
     int S_flag = 0;
+    int t_flag = 0;
     int u_flag = 0;
     int v_flag = 0;
     int w_flag = 0;
     int x_flag = 0;
+    int tmp_int = 0;
     long list_pid = 0;
-    while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "dD:hi:K:l:p:r:S:u:vVw:x:")) != -1) {
+    while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "C:dD:hH:i:K:l:p:r:R:S:t:u:vVw:x:")) != -1) {
         switch (opt) {
+        case 'C':
+            C_flag = 1;
+            use_inactive_file_cache = (atoi(optarg) != 0);
+            break;
         case 'd':
             d_flag = 1;
             log_level = LOG_DEBUG;
             break;
         case 'D':
-            cpuset_dir_list[0] = strdup(optarg);
+            // obsoleted
             break;
         case 'h':
             print_usage_and_exit(argv[0]);
             break;
+        case 'H':
+            tmp_int = atoi(optarg);
+            if ((tmp_int == 0) || ((tmp_int > 9) && (tmp_int < 1000001))) {
+                // 0 means do not change the system default value
+                H_flag = 1;
+                thp_scan_sleep_ms = tmp_int;
+            } else {
+		fprintf(stderr, "THP scan_sleep_ms must be > 9 and < 1000001\n");
+		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	    }
+            break;
         case 'i':
             i_flag = 1;
             parse_two_arg_values(optarg, &min_interval, &max_interval, 1, 0);
@@ -2170,6 +2434,13 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
             l_flag = 1;
             log_level = atoi(optarg);
             break;
+        case 'm':
+            tmp_int = atoi(optarg);
+            if ((tmp_int >= 50) && (tmp_int <= 100)) {
+                m_flag = 1;
+                target_memlocality = tmp_int;
+            }
+            break;
         case 'p':
             p_flag = 1;
             list_pid = atol(optarg);
@@ -2183,13 +2454,26 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
             include_pid_list = remove_pid_from_pid_list(include_pid_list, list_pid);
             exclude_pid_list = remove_pid_from_pid_list(exclude_pid_list, list_pid);
             break;
+        case 'R':
+            reserved_cpu_str = strdup(optarg);
+            break;
         case 'S':
             S_flag = 1;
             scan_all_processes = (atoi(optarg) != 0);
             break;
+        case 't':
+            tmp_int = atoi(optarg);
+            if ((tmp_int >= 0) && (tmp_int <= 100)) {
+                t_flag = 1;
+                htt_percent = tmp_int;
+            }
+            break;
         case 'u':
-            u_flag = 1;
-            target_utilization = atoi(optarg);
+            tmp_int = atoi(optarg);
+            if ((tmp_int >= 10) && (tmp_int <= 130)) {
+                u_flag = 1;
+                target_utilization = tmp_int;
+            }
             break;
         case 'v':
             v_flag = 1;
@@ -2234,6 +2518,12 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
         // Daemon is already running.  So send dynamic options to persistant
         // thread to handle requests, get the response (if any), and finish.
         msg_t msg; 
+        if (C_flag) {
+            send_msg(daemon_pid, 'C', use_inactive_file_cache, 0, "");
+        }
+        if (H_flag) {
+            send_msg(daemon_pid, 'H', thp_scan_sleep_ms, 0, "");
+        }
         if (i_flag) {
             send_msg(daemon_pid, 'i', min_interval, max_interval, "");
         }
@@ -2243,6 +2533,9 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
         if (d_flag || l_flag || v_flag) {
             send_msg(daemon_pid, 'l', log_level, 0, "");
         }
+        if (m_flag) {
+            send_msg(daemon_pid, 'm', target_memlocality, 0, "");
+        }
         if (p_flag) {
             send_msg(daemon_pid, 'p', list_pid, 0, "");
         }
@@ -2252,6 +2545,9 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
         if (S_flag) {
             send_msg(daemon_pid, 'S', scan_all_processes, 0, "");
         }
+        if (t_flag) {
+            send_msg(daemon_pid, 't', htt_percent, 0, "");
+        }
         if (u_flag) {
             send_msg(daemon_pid, 'u', target_utilization, 0, "");
         }
@@ -2263,14 +2559,30 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
         if (x_flag) {
             send_msg(daemon_pid, 'x', list_pid, 0, "");
         }
-    } else if (w_flag) {
-        // Get pre-placement NUMA advice without starting daemon
+        close_log_file();
+        exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+    }
+    // No numad daemon running yet.
+    // First, make note of any reserved CPUs....
+    if (reserved_cpu_str != NULL) {
+        CLEAR_CPU_LIST(reserved_cpu_mask_list_p);
+        int n = add_ids_to_list_from_str(reserved_cpu_mask_list_p, reserved_cpu_str);
         char buf[BUF_SIZE];
+        str_from_id_list(buf, BUF_SIZE, reserved_cpu_mask_list_p);
+        numad_log(LOG_NOTICE, "Reserving %d CPUs (%s) for non-numad use\n", n, buf);
+        // turn reserved list into a negated mask for later ANDing use...
+        negate_cpu_list(reserved_cpu_mask_list_p);
+    }
+    // If it is a "-w" pre-placement request, handle that without starting
+    // the daemon.  Otherwise start the numad daemon.
+    if (w_flag) {
+        // Get pre-placement NUMA advice without starting daemon
         update_nodes();
         sleep(2);
         update_nodes();
         numad_log(LOG_NOTICE, "Getting NUMA pre-placement advice for %d CPUs and %d MBs\n", requested_cpus, requested_mbs);
-        id_list_p node_list_p = pick_numa_nodes(-1, requested_cpus, requested_mbs);
+        id_list_p node_list_p = pick_numa_nodes(-1, requested_cpus, requested_mbs, 0);
+        char buf[BUF_SIZE];
         str_from_id_list(buf, BUF_SIZE, node_list_p);
         fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", buf);
         close_log_file();
@@ -2278,6 +2590,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
     } else if (max_interval > 0) {
         // Start the numad daemon...
         check_prereqs(argv[0]);
+#if (!NO_DAEMON)
         // Daemonize self...
         daemon_pid = fork();
         if (daemon_pid < 0) { numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "fork() failed\n"); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); }
@@ -2298,9 +2611,20 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
         if (log_fs != stderr) {
             fclose(stderr);
         }
+#endif
+        // Set up signal handlers
+        struct sigaction sa;
+        memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa)); 
+        sa.sa_handler = sig_handler;
+        if (sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa, NULL)
+            || sigaction(SIGTERM, &sa, NULL)
+            || sigaction(SIGQUIT, &sa, NULL)) {
+            numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "sigaction does not work?\n");
+            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
         // Allocate initial process hash table
         process_hash_table_expand();
-        // Spawn thread to handle messages from subsequent invocation requests
+        // Spawn a thread to handle messages from subsequent invocation requests
         pthread_mutex_init(&pid_list_mutex, NULL);
         pthread_mutex_init(&node_info_mutex, NULL);
         pthread_attr_t attr;
@@ -2310,7 +2634,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
         }
         pthread_t tid;
         if (pthread_create(&tid, &attr, &set_dynamic_options, &tid) != 0) {
-            numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "pthread_create failure\n");
+            numad_log(LOG_CRIT, "pthread_create failure: setting thread\n");
             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
         }
         // Loop here forwever...
@@ -2322,16 +2646,26 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
             if (nodes > 1) {
                 update_processes();
                 interval = manage_loads();
+                if (interval < max_interval) {
+                    // Update node info since we moved something
+                    nodes = update_nodes();
+                }
             }
             sleep(interval);
+            if (got_sigterm | got_sigquit) {
+                shut_down_numad();
+            }
+            if (got_sighup) {
+                got_sighup = 0;
+                close_log_file();
+                open_log_file();
+            }
         }
         if (pthread_attr_destroy(&attr) != 0) {
             numad_log(LOG_WARNING, "pthread_attr_destroy failure\n");
         }
         pthread_mutex_destroy(&pid_list_mutex);
         pthread_mutex_destroy(&node_info_mutex);
-    } else {
-        shut_down_numad();
     }
     exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
 }
diff -rup numad-0.5git/numad.init numad-0.5git-new/numad.init
--- numad-0.5git/numad.init	2012-12-03 15:40:40.000000000 +0100
+++ numad-0.5git-new/numad.init	2016-08-30 08:45:19.000000000 +0200
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ start() {
     [ -f $config ] || exit 6
     echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
     . $config
-    daemon "$exec -i $INTERVAL"
+    daemon $exec -i $INTERVAL
     retval=$?
     echo
     [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile