--- a/src/Build/Definition/ProjectCollection.cs
+++ b/src/Build/Definition/ProjectCollection.cs
@@ -1754,7 +1754,11 @@ namespace Microsoft.Build.Evaluation
 #if FEATURE_WIN32_REGISTRY
                 ToolsetRegistryReader registryReader = null,
 #endif
+#if FEATURE_SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION
                 ToolsetConfigurationReader configReader = null
+#else
+                object configReader = null
+#endif
                 )
         {
             _toolsets = new Dictionary<string, Toolset>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
--- a/src/Build/Definition/ToolsetReader.cs
+++ b/src/Build/Definition/ToolsetReader.cs
@@ -101,7 +101,11 @@ namespace Microsoft.Build.Evaluation
 #if FEATURE_WIN32_REGISTRY
             ToolsetRegistryReader registryReader,
 #endif
+#if FEATURE_SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION
             ToolsetConfigurationReader configurationReader,
+#else
+            object _configurationReader,
+#endif
             PropertyDictionary<ProjectPropertyInstance> environmentProperties,
             PropertyDictionary<ProjectPropertyInstance> globalProperties,
             ToolsetDefinitionLocations locations
@@ -120,6 +124,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.Build.Evaluation
 
             if ((locations & ToolsetDefinitionLocations.ConfigurationFile) == ToolsetDefinitionLocations.ConfigurationFile)
             {
+#if FEATURE_SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION
                 if (configurationReader == null)
                 {
                     configurationReader = new ToolsetConfigurationReader(environmentProperties, globalProperties);
@@ -129,6 +134,9 @@ namespace Microsoft.Build.Evaluation
                 defaultToolsVersionFromConfiguration = configurationReader.ReadToolsets(toolsets, globalProperties,
                     initialProperties, true /* accumulate properties */, out overrideTasksPathFromConfiguration,
                     out defaultOverrideToolsVersionFromConfiguration);
+#else
+                throw new InvalidOperationException("ToolsetDefinitionLocations.ConfigurationFile not supported");
+#endif
             }
 
             string defaultToolsVersionFromRegistry = null;