<appendix id="licenses-gpl">
<title>GNU General Public License</title>
<para>
Version 2, June 1991
</para>
<para>
Copyright © 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
</para>
<para>
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not
allowed.
</para>
<sect1 id="licenses-gpl-0" xreflabel="Preamble">
<title>Preamble</title>
<para>
The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General
Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share
and change free software–to make sure the software is
free for all its users. This General Public License applies
to most of the Free Software Foundation's software and to any
other program whose authors commit to using it. (Some other
Free Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU
Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to
your programs, too.
</para>
<para>
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom,
not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make
sure that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free
software (and charge for this service if you wish), that you
receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you can
change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs;
and that you know you can do these things.
</para>
<para>
To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that
forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to
surrender the rights. These restrictions translate to certain
responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of the
software, or if you modify it.
</para>
<para>
For example, if you distribute copies of such a program,
whether gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all
the rights that you have. You must make sure that they, too,
receive or can get the source code. And you must show them
these terms so they know their rights.
</para>
<para>
We protect your rights with two steps:
</para>
<orderedlist numeration="arabic">
<listitem>
<para>copyright the software, and</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>offer you this license which gives you legal
permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the
software.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<para>
Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make
certain that everyone understands that there is no warranty
for this free software. If the software is modified by
someone else and passed on, we want its recipients to know
that what they have is not the original, so that any problems
introduced by others will not reflect on the original authors'
reputations.
</para>
<para>
Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a
free program will individually obtain patent licenses, in
effect making the program proprietary. To prevent this, we
have made it clear that any patent must be licensed for
everyone's free use or not licensed at all.
</para>
<para>
The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
modification follow.
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="licenses-gpl-1">
<title>Terms and Conditions for Copying, Distribution and Modification</title>
<sect2 id="licenses-gpl-1-1" xreflabel="Section 1">
<title>Section 1</title>
<para>
You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that
you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an
appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep
intact all the notices that refer to this License and to the
absence of any warranty; and give any other recipients of the
Program a copy of this License along with the Program.
</para>
<para>
You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a
copy, and you may at your option offer warranty protection in
exchange for a fee.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="licenses-gpl-1-2" xreflabel="Section 2">
<title>Section 2</title>
<para>
You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any
portion of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and
copy and distribute such modifications or work under the terms
of <xref linkend="licenses-gpl-1-1" /> above, provided that
you also meet all of these conditions:
</para>
<orderedlist numeration="loweralpha">
<listitem>
<para>
You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
stating that you changed the files and the date of any
change.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that
in whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or
any part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to
all third parties under the terms of this License.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display
an announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and
a notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you
provide a warranty) and that users may redistribute the
program under these conditions, and telling the user how to
view a copy of this License.
</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<note>
<title>Exception</title>
<para>
If the Program itself is interactive but does not normally
print such an announcement, your work based on the Program is
not required to print an announcement.
</para>
</note>
<para>
These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the
Program, and can be reasonably considered independent and
separate works in themselves, then this License, and its
terms, do not apply to those sections when you distribute them
as separate works. But when you distribute the same sections
as part of a whole which is a work based on the Program, the
distribution of the whole must be on the terms of this
License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of
who wrote it.
</para>
<para>
Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or
contest your rights to work written entirely by you; rather,
the intent is to exercise the right to control the
distribution of derivative or collective works based on the
Program.
</para>
<para>
In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the
Program with the Program (or with a work based on the Program)
on a volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring
the other work under the scope of this License.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="licenses-gpl-1-3" xreflabel="Section 3">
<title>Section 3</title>
<para>
You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on
it, under <xref linkend="licenses-gpl-1-2" />) in object code
or executable form under the terms of <xref
linkend="licenses-gpl-1-1" /> and <xref
linkend="licenses-gpl-1-2" /> above provided that you also do
one of the following:
</para>
<orderedlist numeration="loweralpha">
<listitem>
<para>
Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
source code, which must be distributed under the terms of
<xref linkend="licenses-gpl-1-1" /> and <xref
linkend="licenses-gpl-1-2" /> above on a medium customarily
used for software interchange; or,
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
distributed under the terms of <xref
linkend="licenses-gpl-1-1" /> and <xref
linkend="licenses-gpl-1-2" /> above on a medium customarily
used for software interchange; or,
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is
allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
received the program in object code or executable form with
such an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<para>
The source code for a work means the preferred form of the
work for making modifications to it. For an executable work,
complete source code means all the source code for all modules
it contains, plus any associated interface definition files,
plus the scripts used to control compilation and installation
of the executable. However, as a special exception, the
source code distributed need not include anything that is
normally distributed (in either source or binary form) with
the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
operating system on which the executable runs, unless that
component itself accompanies the executable.
</para>
<para>
If distribution of executable or object code is made by
offering access to copy from a designated place, then offering
equivalent access to copy the source code from the same place
counts as distribution of the source code, even though third
parties are not compelled to copy the source along with the
object code.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="licenses-gpl-1-4" xreflabel="Section 4">
<title>Section 4</title>
<para>
You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the
Program except as expressly provided under this License. Any
attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute
the Program is void, and will automatically terminate your
rights under this License. However, parties who have received
copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have
their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in
full compliance.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="licenses-gpl-1-5" xreflabel="Section 5">
<title>Section 5</title>
<para>
You are not required to accept this License, since you have
not signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to
modify or distribute the Program or its derivative works.
These actions are prohibited by law if you do not accept this
License. Therefore, by modifying or distributing the Program
(or any work based on the Program), you indicate your
acceptance of this License to do so, and all its terms and
conditions for copying, distributing or modifying the Program
or works based on it.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="licenses-gpl-1-6" xreflabel="Section 6">
<title>Section 6</title>
<para>Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on
the Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from
the original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program
subject to these terms and conditions. You may not impose any
further restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights
granted herein. You are not responsible for enforcing compliance
by third parties to this License.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="licenses-gpl-1-7" xreflabel="Section 7">
<title>Section 7</title>
<para>If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of
patent infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent
issues), conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order,
agreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this
License, they do not excuse you from the conditions of this
License. If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously
your obligations under this License and any other pertinent
obligations, then as a consequence you may not distribute the
Program at all. For example, if a patent license would not permit
royalty-free redistribution of the Program by all those who
receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then the only
way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain
entirely from distribution of the Program.</para>
<para>If any portion of this section is held invalid or
unenforceable under any particular circumstance, the balance of
the section is intended to apply and the section as a whole is
intended to apply in other circumstances.</para>
<para>It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to
infringe any patents or other property right claims or to contest
validity of any such claims; this section has the sole purpose of
protecting the integrity of the free software distribution system,
which is implemented by public license practices. Many people
have made generous contributions to the wide range of software
distributed through that system in reliance on consistent
application of that system; it is up to the author/donor to decide
if he or she is willing to distribute software through any other
system and a licensee cannot impose that choice.</para>
<para>This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is
believed to be a consequence of the rest of this License.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="licenses-gpl-1-8" xreflabel="Section 8">
<title>Section 8</title>
<para>If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted
in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted
interfaces, the original copyright holder who places the Program
under this License may add an explicit geographical distribution
limitation excluding those countries, so that distribution is
permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded. In such
case, this License incorporates the limitation as if written in
the body of this License.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="licenses-gpl-1-9" xreflabel="Section 9">
<title>Section 9</title>
<para>The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new
versions of the General Public License from time to time. Such
new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but
may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.</para>
<para>Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If
the Program specifies a version number of this License which
applies to it and <quote>any later version</quote>, you have the
option of following the terms and conditions either of that
version or of any later version published by the Free Software
Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of
this License, you may choose any version ever published by the
Free Software Foundation.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="licenses-gpl-1-10" xreflabel="Section 10">
<title>Section 10</title>
<para>If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other
free programs whose distribution conditions are different, write
to the author to ask for permission. For software which is
copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free
Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our
decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free
status of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting
the sharing and reuse of software generally.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="licenses-gpl-1-11" xreflabel="NO WARRANTY">
<title>NO WARRANTY</title>
<subtitle>Section 11</subtitle>
<para>BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO
WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE
LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM <quote>AS IS</quote> WITHOUT
WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT
NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE
QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE
PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY
SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="licenses-gpl-1-12" xreflabel="Section 12">
<title>Section 12</title>
<para>IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO
IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY
MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE
LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL,
INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR
INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF
DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU
OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY
OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN
ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.</para>
<para><emphasis>End of Terms and Conditions.</emphasis></para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="licenses-gpl-2" xreflabel="How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs">
<title>How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs</title>
<para>If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of
the greatest possible use to the public, the best way to
achieve this is to make it free software which everyone can
redistribute and change under these terms.</para>
<para>To do so, attach the following notices to the program.
It is safest to attach them to the start of each source file
to most effectively convey the exclusion of warranty; and each
file should have at least the <quote>copyright</quote> line
and a pointer to where the full notice is found.</para>
<screen>
<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
Copyright (C) 19yy <name of author>
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
</screen>
<para>Also add information on how to contact you by electronic
and paper mail.</para>
<para>If the program is interactive, make it output a short
notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:</para>
<screen>
Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19yy name of author
Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
</screen>
<para>The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should
show the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of
course, the commands you use may be called something other
than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be mouse-clicks or
menu items–whatever suits your program.</para>
<para>You should also get your employer (if you work as a
programmer) or your school, if any, to sign a <quote>copyright
disclaimer</quote> for the program, if necessary. Here is a
sample; alter the names:</para>
<screen>
Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
`Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
<signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989
Ty Coon, President of Vice
</screen>
<para>This General Public License does not permit
incorporating your program into proprietary programs. If your
program is a subroutine library, you may consider it more
useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library
General Public License instead of this License.</para>
</sect1>
</appendix>