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r"""JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) <http://json.org> is a subset of 

JavaScript syntax (ECMA-262 3rd edition) used as a lightweight data 

interchange format. 

 

:mod:`simplejson` exposes an API familiar to users of the standard library 

:mod:`marshal` and :mod:`pickle` modules. It is the externally maintained 

version of the :mod:`json` library contained in Python 2.6, but maintains 

compatibility back to Python 2.5 and (currently) has significant performance 

advantages, even without using the optional C extension for speedups. 

 

Encoding basic Python object hierarchies:: 

 

>>> import simplejson as json 

>>> json.dumps(['foo', {'bar': ('baz', None, 1.0, 2)}]) 

'["foo", {"bar": ["baz", null, 1.0, 2]}]' 

>>> print(json.dumps("\"foo\bar")) 

"\"foo\bar" 

>>> print(json.dumps(u'\u1234')) 

"\u1234" 

>>> print(json.dumps('\\')) 

"\\" 

>>> print(json.dumps({"c": 0, "b": 0, "a": 0}, sort_keys=True)) 

{"a": 0, "b": 0, "c": 0} 

>>> from simplejson.compat import StringIO 

>>> io = StringIO() 

>>> json.dump(['streaming API'], io) 

>>> io.getvalue() 

'["streaming API"]' 

 

Compact encoding:: 

 

>>> import simplejson as json 

>>> obj = [1,2,3,{'4': 5, '6': 7}] 

>>> json.dumps(obj, separators=(',',':'), sort_keys=True) 

'[1,2,3,{"4":5,"6":7}]' 

 

Pretty printing:: 

 

>>> import simplejson as json 

>>> print(json.dumps({'4': 5, '6': 7}, sort_keys=True, indent=' ')) 

{ 

"4": 5, 

"6": 7 

} 

 

Decoding JSON:: 

 

>>> import simplejson as json 

>>> obj = [u'foo', {u'bar': [u'baz', None, 1.0, 2]}] 

>>> json.loads('["foo", {"bar":["baz", null, 1.0, 2]}]') == obj 

True 

>>> json.loads('"\\"foo\\bar"') == u'"foo\x08ar' 

True 

>>> from simplejson.compat import StringIO 

>>> io = StringIO('["streaming API"]') 

>>> json.load(io)[0] == 'streaming API' 

True 

 

Specializing JSON object decoding:: 

 

>>> import simplejson as json 

>>> def as_complex(dct): 

... if '__complex__' in dct: 

... return complex(dct['real'], dct['imag']) 

... return dct 

... 

>>> json.loads('{"__complex__": true, "real": 1, "imag": 2}', 

... object_hook=as_complex) 

(1+2j) 

>>> from decimal import Decimal 

>>> json.loads('1.1', parse_float=Decimal) == Decimal('1.1') 

True 

 

Specializing JSON object encoding:: 

 

>>> import simplejson as json 

>>> def encode_complex(obj): 

... if isinstance(obj, complex): 

... return [obj.real, obj.imag] 

... raise TypeError(repr(o) + " is not JSON serializable") 

... 

>>> json.dumps(2 + 1j, default=encode_complex) 

'[2.0, 1.0]' 

>>> json.JSONEncoder(default=encode_complex).encode(2 + 1j) 

'[2.0, 1.0]' 

>>> ''.join(json.JSONEncoder(default=encode_complex).iterencode(2 + 1j)) 

'[2.0, 1.0]' 

 

 

Using simplejson.tool from the shell to validate and pretty-print:: 

 

$ echo '{"json":"obj"}' | python -m simplejson.tool 

{ 

"json": "obj" 

} 

$ echo '{ 1.2:3.4}' | python -m simplejson.tool 

Expecting property name: line 1 column 3 (char 2) 

""" 

from __future__ import absolute_import 

__version__ = '3.10.0' 

__all__ = [ 

'dump', 'dumps', 'load', 'loads', 

'JSONDecoder', 'JSONDecodeError', 'JSONEncoder', 

'OrderedDict', 'simple_first', 

] 

 

__author__ = 'Bob Ippolito <bob@redivi.com>' 

 

from decimal import Decimal 

 

from .scanner import JSONDecodeError 

from .decoder import JSONDecoder 

from .encoder import JSONEncoder, JSONEncoderForHTML, RawJSON 

def _import_OrderedDict(): 

import collections 

try: 

return collections.OrderedDict 

except AttributeError: 

from . import ordered_dict 

return ordered_dict.OrderedDict 

OrderedDict = _import_OrderedDict() 

 

def _import_c_make_encoder(): 

try: 

from ._speedups import make_encoder 

return make_encoder 

except ImportError: 

return None 

 

_default_encoder = JSONEncoder( 

skipkeys=False, 

ensure_ascii=True, 

check_circular=True, 

allow_nan=True, 

indent=None, 

separators=None, 

encoding='utf-8', 

default=None, 

use_decimal=True, 

namedtuple_as_object=True, 

tuple_as_array=True, 

iterable_as_array=False, 

bigint_as_string=False, 

item_sort_key=None, 

for_json=False, 

ignore_nan=False, 

int_as_string_bitcount=None, 

) 

 

def dump(obj, fp, skipkeys=False, ensure_ascii=True, check_circular=True, 

allow_nan=True, cls=None, indent=None, separators=None, 

encoding='utf-8', default=None, use_decimal=True, 

namedtuple_as_object=True, tuple_as_array=True, 

bigint_as_string=False, sort_keys=False, item_sort_key=None, 

for_json=False, ignore_nan=False, int_as_string_bitcount=None, 

iterable_as_array=False, **kw): 

"""Serialize ``obj`` as a JSON formatted stream to ``fp`` (a 

``.write()``-supporting file-like object). 

 

If *skipkeys* is true then ``dict`` keys that are not basic types 

(``str``, ``unicode``, ``int``, ``long``, ``float``, ``bool``, ``None``) 

will be skipped instead of raising a ``TypeError``. 

 

If *ensure_ascii* is false, then the some chunks written to ``fp`` 

may be ``unicode`` instances, subject to normal Python ``str`` to 

``unicode`` coercion rules. Unless ``fp.write()`` explicitly 

understands ``unicode`` (as in ``codecs.getwriter()``) this is likely 

to cause an error. 

 

If *check_circular* is false, then the circular reference check 

for container types will be skipped and a circular reference will 

result in an ``OverflowError`` (or worse). 

 

If *allow_nan* is false, then it will be a ``ValueError`` to 

serialize out of range ``float`` values (``nan``, ``inf``, ``-inf``) 

in strict compliance of the original JSON specification, instead of using 

the JavaScript equivalents (``NaN``, ``Infinity``, ``-Infinity``). See 

*ignore_nan* for ECMA-262 compliant behavior. 

 

If *indent* is a string, then JSON array elements and object members 

will be pretty-printed with a newline followed by that string repeated 

for each level of nesting. ``None`` (the default) selects the most compact 

representation without any newlines. For backwards compatibility with 

versions of simplejson earlier than 2.1.0, an integer is also accepted 

and is converted to a string with that many spaces. 

 

If specified, *separators* should be an 

``(item_separator, key_separator)`` tuple. The default is ``(', ', ': ')`` 

if *indent* is ``None`` and ``(',', ': ')`` otherwise. To get the most 

compact JSON representation, you should specify ``(',', ':')`` to eliminate 

whitespace. 

 

*encoding* is the character encoding for str instances, default is UTF-8. 

 

*default(obj)* is a function that should return a serializable version 

of obj or raise ``TypeError``. The default simply raises ``TypeError``. 

 

If *use_decimal* is true (default: ``True``) then decimal.Decimal 

will be natively serialized to JSON with full precision. 

 

If *namedtuple_as_object* is true (default: ``True``), 

:class:`tuple` subclasses with ``_asdict()`` methods will be encoded 

as JSON objects. 

 

If *tuple_as_array* is true (default: ``True``), 

:class:`tuple` (and subclasses) will be encoded as JSON arrays. 

 

If *iterable_as_array* is true (default: ``False``), 

any object not in the above table that implements ``__iter__()`` 

will be encoded as a JSON array. 

 

If *bigint_as_string* is true (default: ``False``), ints 2**53 and higher 

or lower than -2**53 will be encoded as strings. This is to avoid the 

rounding that happens in Javascript otherwise. Note that this is still a 

lossy operation that will not round-trip correctly and should be used 

sparingly. 

 

If *int_as_string_bitcount* is a positive number (n), then int of size 

greater than or equal to 2**n or lower than or equal to -2**n will be 

encoded as strings. 

 

If specified, *item_sort_key* is a callable used to sort the items in 

each dictionary. This is useful if you want to sort items other than 

in alphabetical order by key. This option takes precedence over 

*sort_keys*. 

 

If *sort_keys* is true (default: ``False``), the output of dictionaries 

will be sorted by item. 

 

If *for_json* is true (default: ``False``), objects with a ``for_json()`` 

method will use the return value of that method for encoding as JSON 

instead of the object. 

 

If *ignore_nan* is true (default: ``False``), then out of range 

:class:`float` values (``nan``, ``inf``, ``-inf``) will be serialized as 

``null`` in compliance with the ECMA-262 specification. If true, this will 

override *allow_nan*. 

 

To use a custom ``JSONEncoder`` subclass (e.g. one that overrides the 

``.default()`` method to serialize additional types), specify it with 

the ``cls`` kwarg. NOTE: You should use *default* or *for_json* instead 

of subclassing whenever possible. 

 

""" 

# cached encoder 

if (not skipkeys and ensure_ascii and 

check_circular and allow_nan and 

cls is None and indent is None and separators is None and 

encoding == 'utf-8' and default is None and use_decimal 

and namedtuple_as_object and tuple_as_array and not iterable_as_array 

and not bigint_as_string and not sort_keys 

and not item_sort_key and not for_json 

and not ignore_nan and int_as_string_bitcount is None 

and not kw 

): 

iterable = _default_encoder.iterencode(obj) 

else: 

if cls is None: 

cls = JSONEncoder 

iterable = cls(skipkeys=skipkeys, ensure_ascii=ensure_ascii, 

check_circular=check_circular, allow_nan=allow_nan, indent=indent, 

separators=separators, encoding=encoding, 

default=default, use_decimal=use_decimal, 

namedtuple_as_object=namedtuple_as_object, 

tuple_as_array=tuple_as_array, 

iterable_as_array=iterable_as_array, 

bigint_as_string=bigint_as_string, 

sort_keys=sort_keys, 

item_sort_key=item_sort_key, 

for_json=for_json, 

ignore_nan=ignore_nan, 

int_as_string_bitcount=int_as_string_bitcount, 

**kw).iterencode(obj) 

# could accelerate with writelines in some versions of Python, at 

# a debuggability cost 

for chunk in iterable: 

fp.write(chunk) 

 

 

def dumps(obj, skipkeys=False, ensure_ascii=True, check_circular=True, 

allow_nan=True, cls=None, indent=None, separators=None, 

encoding='utf-8', default=None, use_decimal=True, 

namedtuple_as_object=True, tuple_as_array=True, 

bigint_as_string=False, sort_keys=False, item_sort_key=None, 

for_json=False, ignore_nan=False, int_as_string_bitcount=None, 

iterable_as_array=False, **kw): 

"""Serialize ``obj`` to a JSON formatted ``str``. 

 

If ``skipkeys`` is false then ``dict`` keys that are not basic types 

(``str``, ``unicode``, ``int``, ``long``, ``float``, ``bool``, ``None``) 

will be skipped instead of raising a ``TypeError``. 

 

If ``ensure_ascii`` is false, then the return value will be a 

``unicode`` instance subject to normal Python ``str`` to ``unicode`` 

coercion rules instead of being escaped to an ASCII ``str``. 

 

If ``check_circular`` is false, then the circular reference check 

for container types will be skipped and a circular reference will 

result in an ``OverflowError`` (or worse). 

 

If ``allow_nan`` is false, then it will be a ``ValueError`` to 

serialize out of range ``float`` values (``nan``, ``inf``, ``-inf``) in 

strict compliance of the JSON specification, instead of using the 

JavaScript equivalents (``NaN``, ``Infinity``, ``-Infinity``). 

 

If ``indent`` is a string, then JSON array elements and object members 

will be pretty-printed with a newline followed by that string repeated 

for each level of nesting. ``None`` (the default) selects the most compact 

representation without any newlines. For backwards compatibility with 

versions of simplejson earlier than 2.1.0, an integer is also accepted 

and is converted to a string with that many spaces. 

 

If specified, ``separators`` should be an 

``(item_separator, key_separator)`` tuple. The default is ``(', ', ': ')`` 

if *indent* is ``None`` and ``(',', ': ')`` otherwise. To get the most 

compact JSON representation, you should specify ``(',', ':')`` to eliminate 

whitespace. 

 

``encoding`` is the character encoding for str instances, default is UTF-8. 

 

``default(obj)`` is a function that should return a serializable version 

of obj or raise TypeError. The default simply raises TypeError. 

 

If *use_decimal* is true (default: ``True``) then decimal.Decimal 

will be natively serialized to JSON with full precision. 

 

If *namedtuple_as_object* is true (default: ``True``), 

:class:`tuple` subclasses with ``_asdict()`` methods will be encoded 

as JSON objects. 

 

If *tuple_as_array* is true (default: ``True``), 

:class:`tuple` (and subclasses) will be encoded as JSON arrays. 

 

If *iterable_as_array* is true (default: ``False``), 

any object not in the above table that implements ``__iter__()`` 

will be encoded as a JSON array. 

 

If *bigint_as_string* is true (not the default), ints 2**53 and higher 

or lower than -2**53 will be encoded as strings. This is to avoid the 

rounding that happens in Javascript otherwise. 

 

If *int_as_string_bitcount* is a positive number (n), then int of size 

greater than or equal to 2**n or lower than or equal to -2**n will be 

encoded as strings. 

 

If specified, *item_sort_key* is a callable used to sort the items in 

each dictionary. This is useful if you want to sort items other than 

in alphabetical order by key. This option takes precendence over 

*sort_keys*. 

 

If *sort_keys* is true (default: ``False``), the output of dictionaries 

will be sorted by item. 

 

If *for_json* is true (default: ``False``), objects with a ``for_json()`` 

method will use the return value of that method for encoding as JSON 

instead of the object. 

 

If *ignore_nan* is true (default: ``False``), then out of range 

:class:`float` values (``nan``, ``inf``, ``-inf``) will be serialized as 

``null`` in compliance with the ECMA-262 specification. If true, this will 

override *allow_nan*. 

 

To use a custom ``JSONEncoder`` subclass (e.g. one that overrides the 

``.default()`` method to serialize additional types), specify it with 

the ``cls`` kwarg. NOTE: You should use *default* instead of subclassing 

whenever possible. 

 

""" 

# cached encoder 

if (not skipkeys and ensure_ascii and 

check_circular and allow_nan and 

cls is None and indent is None and separators is None and 

encoding == 'utf-8' and default is None and use_decimal 

and namedtuple_as_object and tuple_as_array and not iterable_as_array 

and not bigint_as_string and not sort_keys 

and not item_sort_key and not for_json 

and not ignore_nan and int_as_string_bitcount is None 

and not kw 

): 

return _default_encoder.encode(obj) 

if cls is None: 

cls = JSONEncoder 

return cls( 

skipkeys=skipkeys, ensure_ascii=ensure_ascii, 

check_circular=check_circular, allow_nan=allow_nan, indent=indent, 

separators=separators, encoding=encoding, default=default, 

use_decimal=use_decimal, 

namedtuple_as_object=namedtuple_as_object, 

tuple_as_array=tuple_as_array, 

iterable_as_array=iterable_as_array, 

bigint_as_string=bigint_as_string, 

sort_keys=sort_keys, 

item_sort_key=item_sort_key, 

for_json=for_json, 

ignore_nan=ignore_nan, 

int_as_string_bitcount=int_as_string_bitcount, 

**kw).encode(obj) 

 

 

_default_decoder = JSONDecoder(encoding=None, object_hook=None, 

object_pairs_hook=None) 

 

 

def load(fp, encoding=None, cls=None, object_hook=None, parse_float=None, 

parse_int=None, parse_constant=None, object_pairs_hook=None, 

use_decimal=False, namedtuple_as_object=True, tuple_as_array=True, 

**kw): 

"""Deserialize ``fp`` (a ``.read()``-supporting file-like object containing 

a JSON document) to a Python object. 

 

*encoding* determines the encoding used to interpret any 

:class:`str` objects decoded by this instance (``'utf-8'`` by 

default). It has no effect when decoding :class:`unicode` objects. 

 

Note that currently only encodings that are a superset of ASCII work, 

strings of other encodings should be passed in as :class:`unicode`. 

 

*object_hook*, if specified, will be called with the result of every 

JSON object decoded and its return value will be used in place of the 

given :class:`dict`. This can be used to provide custom 

deserializations (e.g. to support JSON-RPC class hinting). 

 

*object_pairs_hook* is an optional function that will be called with 

the result of any object literal decode with an ordered list of pairs. 

The return value of *object_pairs_hook* will be used instead of the 

:class:`dict`. This feature can be used to implement custom decoders 

that rely on the order that the key and value pairs are decoded (for 

example, :func:`collections.OrderedDict` will remember the order of 

insertion). If *object_hook* is also defined, the *object_pairs_hook* 

takes priority. 

 

*parse_float*, if specified, will be called with the string of every 

JSON float to be decoded. By default, this is equivalent to 

``float(num_str)``. This can be used to use another datatype or parser 

for JSON floats (e.g. :class:`decimal.Decimal`). 

 

*parse_int*, if specified, will be called with the string of every 

JSON int to be decoded. By default, this is equivalent to 

``int(num_str)``. This can be used to use another datatype or parser 

for JSON integers (e.g. :class:`float`). 

 

*parse_constant*, if specified, will be called with one of the 

following strings: ``'-Infinity'``, ``'Infinity'``, ``'NaN'``. This 

can be used to raise an exception if invalid JSON numbers are 

encountered. 

 

If *use_decimal* is true (default: ``False``) then it implies 

parse_float=decimal.Decimal for parity with ``dump``. 

 

To use a custom ``JSONDecoder`` subclass, specify it with the ``cls`` 

kwarg. NOTE: You should use *object_hook* or *object_pairs_hook* instead 

of subclassing whenever possible. 

 

""" 

return loads(fp.read(), 

encoding=encoding, cls=cls, object_hook=object_hook, 

parse_float=parse_float, parse_int=parse_int, 

parse_constant=parse_constant, object_pairs_hook=object_pairs_hook, 

use_decimal=use_decimal, **kw) 

 

 

def loads(s, encoding=None, cls=None, object_hook=None, parse_float=None, 

parse_int=None, parse_constant=None, object_pairs_hook=None, 

use_decimal=False, **kw): 

"""Deserialize ``s`` (a ``str`` or ``unicode`` instance containing a JSON 

document) to a Python object. 

 

*encoding* determines the encoding used to interpret any 

:class:`str` objects decoded by this instance (``'utf-8'`` by 

default). It has no effect when decoding :class:`unicode` objects. 

 

Note that currently only encodings that are a superset of ASCII work, 

strings of other encodings should be passed in as :class:`unicode`. 

 

*object_hook*, if specified, will be called with the result of every 

JSON object decoded and its return value will be used in place of the 

given :class:`dict`. This can be used to provide custom 

deserializations (e.g. to support JSON-RPC class hinting). 

 

*object_pairs_hook* is an optional function that will be called with 

the result of any object literal decode with an ordered list of pairs. 

The return value of *object_pairs_hook* will be used instead of the 

:class:`dict`. This feature can be used to implement custom decoders 

that rely on the order that the key and value pairs are decoded (for 

example, :func:`collections.OrderedDict` will remember the order of 

insertion). If *object_hook* is also defined, the *object_pairs_hook* 

takes priority. 

 

*parse_float*, if specified, will be called with the string of every 

JSON float to be decoded. By default, this is equivalent to 

``float(num_str)``. This can be used to use another datatype or parser 

for JSON floats (e.g. :class:`decimal.Decimal`). 

 

*parse_int*, if specified, will be called with the string of every 

JSON int to be decoded. By default, this is equivalent to 

``int(num_str)``. This can be used to use another datatype or parser 

for JSON integers (e.g. :class:`float`). 

 

*parse_constant*, if specified, will be called with one of the 

following strings: ``'-Infinity'``, ``'Infinity'``, ``'NaN'``. This 

can be used to raise an exception if invalid JSON numbers are 

encountered. 

 

If *use_decimal* is true (default: ``False``) then it implies 

parse_float=decimal.Decimal for parity with ``dump``. 

 

To use a custom ``JSONDecoder`` subclass, specify it with the ``cls`` 

kwarg. NOTE: You should use *object_hook* or *object_pairs_hook* instead 

of subclassing whenever possible. 

 

""" 

if (cls is None and encoding is None and object_hook is None and 

parse_int is None and parse_float is None and 

parse_constant is None and object_pairs_hook is None 

and not use_decimal and not kw): 

return _default_decoder.decode(s) 

if cls is None: 

cls = JSONDecoder 

if object_hook is not None: 

kw['object_hook'] = object_hook 

if object_pairs_hook is not None: 

kw['object_pairs_hook'] = object_pairs_hook 

if parse_float is not None: 

kw['parse_float'] = parse_float 

if parse_int is not None: 

kw['parse_int'] = parse_int 

if parse_constant is not None: 

kw['parse_constant'] = parse_constant 

if use_decimal: 

if parse_float is not None: 

raise TypeError("use_decimal=True implies parse_float=Decimal") 

kw['parse_float'] = Decimal 

return cls(encoding=encoding, **kw).decode(s) 

 

 

def _toggle_speedups(enabled): 

from . import decoder as dec 

from . import encoder as enc 

from . import scanner as scan 

c_make_encoder = _import_c_make_encoder() 

if enabled: 

dec.scanstring = dec.c_scanstring or dec.py_scanstring 

enc.c_make_encoder = c_make_encoder 

enc.encode_basestring_ascii = (enc.c_encode_basestring_ascii or 

enc.py_encode_basestring_ascii) 

scan.make_scanner = scan.c_make_scanner or scan.py_make_scanner 

else: 

dec.scanstring = dec.py_scanstring 

enc.c_make_encoder = None 

enc.encode_basestring_ascii = enc.py_encode_basestring_ascii 

scan.make_scanner = scan.py_make_scanner 

dec.make_scanner = scan.make_scanner 

global _default_decoder 

_default_decoder = JSONDecoder( 

encoding=None, 

object_hook=None, 

object_pairs_hook=None, 

) 

global _default_encoder 

_default_encoder = JSONEncoder( 

skipkeys=False, 

ensure_ascii=True, 

check_circular=True, 

allow_nan=True, 

indent=None, 

separators=None, 

encoding='utf-8', 

default=None, 

) 

 

def simple_first(kv): 

"""Helper function to pass to item_sort_key to sort simple 

elements to the top, then container elements. 

""" 

return (isinstance(kv[1], (list, dict, tuple)), kv[0])