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# 

# sections.py: Kickstart file sections. 

# 

# Chris Lumens <clumens@redhat.com> 

# 

# Copyright 2011-2016 Red Hat, Inc. 

# 

# This copyrighted material is made available to anyone wishing to use, modify, 

# copy, or redistribute it subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU 

# General Public License v.2. This program is distributed in the hope that it 

# will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY expressed or implied, including the 

# implied warranties of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. 

# See the GNU General Public License for more details. 

# 

# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with 

# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 

# Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. Any Red Hat 

# trademarks that are incorporated in the source code or documentation are not 

# subject to the GNU General Public License and may only be used or replicated 

# with the express permission of Red Hat, Inc. 

# 

""" 

This module exports the classes that define a section of a kickstart file. A 

section is a chunk of the file starting with a %tag and ending with a %end. 

Examples of sections include %packages, %pre, and %post. 

 

You may use this module to define your own custom sections which will be 

treated just the same as a predefined one by the kickstart parser. All that 

is necessary is to create a new subclass of Section and call 

parser.registerSection with an instance of your new class. 

""" 

from pykickstart.constants import KS_SCRIPT_PRE, KS_SCRIPT_POST, KS_SCRIPT_TRACEBACK, \ 

KS_SCRIPT_PREINSTALL, KS_SCRIPT_ONERROR, \ 

KS_MISSING_IGNORE, KS_MISSING_PROMPT 

from pykickstart.errors import KickstartParseError 

from pykickstart.options import KSOptionParser 

from pykickstart.version import FC4, F7, F9, F18, F21, F22, F24, RHEL7 

from pykickstart.i18n import _ 

 

class Section(object): 

"""The base class for defining kickstart sections. You are free to 

subclass this as appropriate. 

 

Class attributes: 

 

allLines -- Does this section require the parser to call handleLine 

for every line in the section, even blanks and comments? 

sectionOpen -- The string that denotes the start of this section. You 

must start your tag with a percent sign. 

timesSeen -- This attribute is for informational purposes only. It is 

incremented every time handleHeader is called to keep 

track of the number of times a section of this type is 

seen. 

""" 

allLines = False 

sectionOpen = "" 

timesSeen = 0 

 

def __init__(self, handler, **kwargs): 

"""Create a new Script instance. At the least, you must pass in an 

instance of a baseHandler subclass. 

 

Valid kwargs: 

 

dataObj -- A class that should be populated by this Section. It almost 

always should be Script, or some subclass of it. 

""" 

self.handler = handler 

self.version = self.handler.version 

 

self.dataObj = kwargs.get("dataObj", None) 

 

def finalize(self): 

"""This method is called when the %end tag for a section is seen. It 

is not required to be provided. 

""" 

pass 

 

def handleLine(self, line): 

"""This method is called for every line of a section. Take whatever 

action is appropriate. While this method is not required to be 

provided, not providing it does not make a whole lot of sense. 

 

Arguments: 

 

line -- The complete line, with any trailing newline. 

""" 

pass 

 

# pylint: disable=unused-argument 

def handleHeader(self, lineno, args): 

"""This method is called when the opening tag for a section is seen. 

Not all sections will need this method, though all provided with 

kickstart include one. 

 

Arguments: 

 

args -- A list of all strings passed as arguments to the section 

opening tag. 

""" 

self.timesSeen += 1 

# pylint: enable=unused-argument 

 

@property 

def seen(self): 

"""This property is given for consistency with KickstartCommand objects 

only. It simply returns whether timesSeen is non-zero. 

""" 

return self.timesSeen > 0 

 

class NullSection(Section): 

"""This defines a section that pykickstart will recognize but do nothing 

with. If the parser runs across a %section that has no object registered, 

it will raise an error. Sometimes, you may want to simply ignore those 

sections instead. This class is useful for that purpose. 

""" 

allLines = True 

 

def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): 

"""Create a new NullSection instance. You must pass a sectionOpen 

parameter (including a leading '%') for the section you wish to 

ignore. 

""" 

Section.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs) 

self.sectionOpen = kwargs.get("sectionOpen") 

self._args = [] 

self._body = [] 

 

def handleHeader(self, lineno, args): 

self._args = args 

 

def handleLine(self, line): 

self._body.append(line) 

 

def finalize(self): 

body = "\n".join(self._body) 

if body: 

s = "%s\n%s\n%%end" % (" ".join(self._args), body) 

else: 

s = "%s\n%%end" % " ".join(self._args) 

 

self.handler._null_section_strings.append(s) 

 

self._args = [] 

self._body = [] 

 

class ScriptSection(Section): 

allLines = True 

_description = "" 

_epilog = "" 

_title = "" 

 

def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): 

Section.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs) 

self._script = {} 

self._resetScript() 

 

def _getParser(self): 

op = KSOptionParser(prog=self.sectionOpen, 

description=self._description, 

epilog=self._epilog, 

version=self.version, 

addVersion=False) 

op.add_argument("--erroronfail", dest="errorOnFail", action="store_true", 

default=False, help=""" 

If the error script fails, this option will cause an 

error dialog to be displayed and will halt installation. 

The error message will direct you to where the cause of 

the failure is logged.""", introduced=FC4) 

op.add_argument("--interpreter", dest="interpreter", default="/bin/sh", 

introduced=FC4, metavar="/usr/bin/python", help=""" 

Allows you to specify a different scripting language, 

such as Python. Replace /usr/bin/python with the 

scripting language of your choice. 

""") 

op.add_argument("--log", "--logfile", dest="log", introduced=FC4, 

help=""" 

Log all messages from the script to the given log file. 

""") 

return op 

 

def _resetScript(self): 

self._script = {"interp": "/bin/sh", "log": None, "errorOnFail": False, 

"lineno": None, "chroot": False, "body": []} 

 

def handleLine(self, line): 

self._script["body"].append(line) 

 

def finalize(self): 

if " ".join(self._script["body"]).strip() == "": 

return 

 

kwargs = {"interp": self._script["interp"], 

"inChroot": self._script["chroot"], 

"lineno": self._script["lineno"], 

"logfile": self._script["log"], 

"errorOnFail": self._script["errorOnFail"], 

"type": self._script["type"]} 

 

if self.dataObj is not None: 

s = self.dataObj(self._script["body"], **kwargs) 

self._resetScript() 

self.handler.scripts.append(s) 

 

def handleHeader(self, lineno, args): 

"""Process the arguments to a %pre/%post/%traceback header for later 

setting on a Script instance once the end of the script is found. 

This method may be overridden in a subclass if necessary. 

""" 

Section.handleHeader(self, lineno, args) 

op = self._getParser() 

 

ns = op.parse_args(args=args[1:], lineno=lineno) 

 

self._script["interp"] = ns.interpreter 

self._script["lineno"] = lineno 

self._script["log"] = ns.log 

self._script["errorOnFail"] = ns.errorOnFail 

if hasattr(ns, "nochroot"): 

self._script["chroot"] = not ns.nochroot 

 

class PreScriptSection(ScriptSection): 

sectionOpen = "%pre" 

_title = "Pre-installation script" 

_description = """ 

You can add commands to run on the system immediately after the ks.cfg 

has been parsed and the lang, keyboard, and url options have been 

processed. This section must be at the end of the kickstart file (after 

the commands) and must start with the %pre command. You can access the 

network in the %pre section; however, name service has not been 

configured at this point, so only IP addresses will work. 

 

Preinstallation scripts are required to be closed with %end. 

 

If your script spawns a daemon process, you must make sure to close 

``stdout`` and ``stderr``. Doing so is standard procedure for creating 

daemons. If you do not close these file descriptors, the installation 

will appear hung as anaconda waits for an EOF from the script. 

 

.. note:: 

 

The pre-install script is not run in the chroot environment. 

""" 

_epilog = """ 

Example 

------- 

 

Here is an example %pre section:: 

 

%pre 

#!/bin/bash 

hds="" 

mymedia="" 

 

for file in /sys/block/sd*; do 

hds="$hds $(basename $file)" 

done 

 

set $hds 

numhd=$(echo $#) 

 

drive1=$(echo $hds | cut -d' ' -f1) 

drive2=$(echo $hds | cut -d' ' -f2) 

 

 

if [ $numhd == "2" ] ; then 

echo "#partitioning scheme generated in %pre for 2 drives" > /tmp/part-include 

echo "clearpart --all" >> /tmp/part-include 

echo "part /boot --fstype ext4 --size 512 --ondisk sda" >> /tmp/part-include 

echo "part / --fstype ext4 --size 10000 --grow --ondisk sda" >> /tmp/part-include 

echo "part swap --recommended --ondisk $drive1" >> /tmp/part-include 

echo "part /home --fstype ext4 --size 10000 --grow --ondisk sdb" >> /tmp/part-include 

else 

echo "#partitioning scheme generated in %pre for 1 drive" > /tmp/part-include 

echo "clearpart --all" >> /tmp/part-include 

echo "part /boot --fstype ext4 --size 521" >> /tmp/part-include 

echo "part swap --recommended" >> /tmp/part-include 

echo "part / --fstype ext4 --size 2048" >> /tmp/part-include 

echo "part /home --fstype ext4 --size 2048 --grow" >> /tmp/part-include 

fi 

%end 

 

This script determines the number of hard drives in the system and 

writes a text file with a different partitioning scheme depending on 

whether it has one or two drives. Instead of having a set of 

partitioning commands in the kickstart file, include the line: 

 

``%include /tmp/part-include`` 

 

The partitioning commands selected in the script will be used. 

""" 

 

def _resetScript(self): 

ScriptSection._resetScript(self) 

self._script["type"] = KS_SCRIPT_PRE 

 

class PreInstallScriptSection(ScriptSection): 

sectionOpen = "%pre-install" 

_title = "Pre-install Script" 

_description=""" 

You can use the %pre-install section to run commands after the system has been 

partitioned, filesystems created, and everything is mounted under /mnt/sysimage 

Like %pre these scripts do not run in the chrooted environment. 

 

Each %pre-install section is required to be closed with a corresponding %end. 

""" 

 

def _resetScript(self): 

ScriptSection._resetScript(self) 

self._script["type"] = KS_SCRIPT_PREINSTALL 

 

class PostScriptSection(ScriptSection): 

sectionOpen = "%post" 

_title = "Post-installation Script" 

_description=""" 

You have the option of adding commands to run on the system once the 

installation is complete. This section must be at the end of the 

kickstart file and must start with the %post command. This section is 

useful for functions such as installing additional software and 

configuring an additional nameserver. 

 

You may have more than one %post section, which can be useful for cases 

where some post-installation scripts need to be run in the chroot and 

others that need access outside the chroot. 

 

Each %post section is required to be closed with a corresponding %end. 

 

If you configured the network with static IP information, including a 

nameserver, you can access the network and resolve IP addresses in the %post 

section. If you configured the network for DHCP, the /etc/resolv.conf file 

has not been completed when the installation executes the %post section. You 

can access the network, but you can not resolve IP addresses. Thus, if you 

are using DHCP, you must specify IP addresses in the %post section. 

 

If your script spawns a daemon process, you must make sure to close stdout 

and stderr. Doing so is standard procedure for creating daemons. If you do 

not close these file descriptors, the installation will appear hung as 

anaconda waits for an EOF from the script. 

 

The post-install script is run in a chroot environment; therefore, performing 

tasks such as copying scripts or RPMs from the installation media will not 

work. 

""" 

 

_epilog=""" 

Examples 

-------- 

 

Run a script named ``runme`` from an NFS share:: 

 

%post 

mkdir /mnt/temp 

mount 10.10.0.2:/usr/new-machines /mnt/temp 

open -s -w -- /mnt/temp/runme 

umount /mnt/temp 

%end 

 

Copy the file /etc/resolv.conf to the file system that was just 

installed:: 

 

%post --nochroot 

cp /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/sysimage/etc/resolv.conf 

%end 

 

**If your kickstart is being interpreted by the livecd-creator tool, you should 

replace /mnt/sysimage above with $INSTALL_ROOT.** 

""" 

 

def _getParser(self): 

op = ScriptSection._getParser(self) 

op.add_argument("--nochroot", dest="nochroot", action="store_true", 

default=False, introduced=FC4, help=""" 

Allows you to specify commands that you would like to 

run outside of the chroot environment.""") 

return op 

 

def _resetScript(self): 

ScriptSection._resetScript(self) 

self._script["chroot"] = True 

self._script["type"] = KS_SCRIPT_POST 

 

class OnErrorScriptSection(ScriptSection): 

sectionOpen = "%onerror" 

_title = "Handling Errors" 

_description=""" 

These scripts run when the installer hits a fatal error, but not necessarily 

a bug in the installer. Some examples of these situations include errors in 

packages that have been requested to be installed, failures when starting VNC 

when requested, and error when scanning storage. When these situations happen, 

installaton cannot continue. The installer will run all %onerror scripts in 

the order they are provided in the kickstart file. 

 

In addition, %onerror scripts will be run on a traceback as well. To be exact, 

all %onerror scripts will be run and then all %traceback scripts will be run 

afterwards. 

 

Each %onerror script is required to be closed with a corresponding %end. 

 

.. note:: 

 

These scripts could potentially run at 

any stage in installation - early on, between making filesystems and installing 

packages, before the bootloader is installed, when attempting to reboot, and 

so on. For this reason, these scripts cannot be run in the chroot environment 

and you should not trust anything in the installed system. These scripts are 

primarily for testing and error reporting purposes. 

""" 

 

def _resetScript(self): 

ScriptSection._resetScript(self) 

self._script["type"] = KS_SCRIPT_ONERROR 

 

class TracebackScriptSection(OnErrorScriptSection): 

sectionOpen = "%traceback" 

_title = "Handling Tracebacks" 

_description=""" 

These scripts run when the installer hits an internal error (a traceback, as 

they are called in Python) and cannot continue. When this situation happens, 

the installer will display an error dialog to the screen that prompts the user 

to file a bug or reboot. At the same time, it will run all %traceback scripts 

in the order they are provided in the kickstart file. 

 

Each %traceback script is required to be closed with a corresponding %end. 

 

.. note:: 

 

These scripts could potentially run at 

any stage in installation - early on, between making filesystems and installing 

packages, before the bootloader is installed, when attempting to reboot, and 

so on. For this reason, these scripts cannot be run in the chroot environment 

and you should not trust anything in the installed system. These scripts are 

primarily for testing and error reporting purposes. 

""" 

 

def _resetScript(self): 

OnErrorScriptSection._resetScript(self) 

self._script["type"] = KS_SCRIPT_TRACEBACK 

 

class PackageSection(Section): 

sectionOpen = "%packages" 

_title = "Package Selection" 

 

def handleLine(self, line): 

h = line.partition('#')[0] 

line = h.rstrip() 

self.handler.packages.add([line]) 

 

def _getParser(self): 

op = KSOptionParser(prog=self.sectionOpen, description=""" 

Use the %packages command to begin a kickstart file 

section that lists the packages you would like to 

install. 

 

Packages can be specified by group or by individual 

package name. The installation program defines 

several groups that contain related packages. Refer 

to the repodata/\\*comps\\*.xml file on the first CD-ROM 

for a list of groups. Each group has an id, user 

visibility value, name, description, and package 

list. In the package list, the packages marked as 

mandatory are always installed if the group is 

selected, the packages marked default are selected 

by default if the group is selected, and the packages 

marked optional must be specifically selected even 

if the group is selected to be installed. 

 

In most cases, it is only necessary to list the 

desired groups and not individual packages. Note 

that the Core group is always selected by default, 

so it is not necessary to specify it in the 

%packages section. 

 

The %packages section is required to be closed with 

%end. Also, multiple %packages sections may be given. 

This may be handy if the kickstart file is used as a 

template and pulls in various other files with the 

%include mechanism. 

 

Here is an example %packages selection:: 

 

%packages 

@X Window System 

@GNOME Desktop Environment 

@Graphical Internet 

@Sound and Video 

dhcp 

%end 

 

As you can see, groups are specified, one to a line, 

starting with an ``@`` symbol followed by the full 

group name as given in the comps.xml file. Groups 

can also be specified using the id for the group, 

such as gnome-desktop. Specify individual packages 

with no additional characters (the dhcp line in the 

example above is an individual package). 

 

You can also specify environments using the ``@^`` 

prefix followed by full environment name as given in 

the comps.xml file. If multiple environments are 

specified, only the last one specified will be used. 

Environments can be mixed with both group 

specifications (even if the given group is not part 

of the specified environment) and package 

specifications. 

 

Here is an example of requesting the GNOME Desktop 

environment to be selected for installation:: 

 

%packages 

@^gnome-desktop-environment 

%end 

 

Additionally, individual packages may be specified 

using globs. For instance:: 

 

%packages 

vim* 

kde-i18n-* 

%end 

 

This would install all packages whose names start 

with "vim" or "kde-i18n-". 

 

You can also specify which packages or groups not to 

install from the default package list:: 

 

%packages 

-autofs 

-@Sound and Video 

%end 

""", epilog=""" 

Group-level options 

------------------- 

 

In addition, group lines in the %packages section 

can take the following options: 

 

``--nodefaults`` 

 

Only install the group's mandatory packages, not 

the default selections. 

 

``--optional`` 

 

In addition to the mandatory and default packages, 

also install the optional packages. This means all 

packages in the group will be installed. 

""", version=self.version, addVersion=False) 

op.add_argument("--excludedocs", action="store_true", default=False, 

help=""" 

Do not install any of the documentation from any packages. 

For the most part, this means files in /usr/share/doc* 

will not get installed though it could mean other files 

as well, depending on how the package was built.""", 

introduced=FC4) 

op.add_argument("--ignoremissing", action="store_true", default=False, 

help=""" 

Ignore any packages or groups specified in the packages 

section that are not found in any configured repository. 

The default behavior is to halt the installation and ask 

the user if the installation should be aborted or 

continued. This option allows fully automated 

installation even in the error case.""", 

introduced=FC4) 

op.add_argument("--nobase", action="store_true", default=False, 

deprecated=F18, removed=F22, help=""" 

Do not install the @base group (installed by default, 

otherwise).""") 

op.add_argument("--nocore", action="store_true", default=False, 

introduced=F21, help=""" 

Do not install the @core group (installed by default, 

otherwise). 

 

**Omitting the core group can produce a system that is 

not bootable or that cannot finish the install. Use 

with caution.**""") 

op.add_argument("--ignoredeps", dest="resolveDeps", action="store_false", 

deprecated=FC4, removed=F9, help="") 

op.add_argument("--resolvedeps", dest="resolveDeps", action="store_true", 

deprecated=FC4, removed=F9, help="") 

op.add_argument("--default", dest="defaultPackages", action="store_true", 

default=False, introduced=F7, help=""" 

Install the default package set. This corresponds to the 

package set that would be installed if no other 

selections were made on the package customization screen 

during an interactive install.""") 

op.add_argument("--instLangs", default=None, introduced=F9, help=""" 

Specify the list of languages that should be installed. 

This is different from the package group level 

selections, though. This option does not specify what 

package groups should be installed. Instead, it controls 

which translation files from individual packages should 

be installed by setting RPM macros.""") 

op.add_argument("--multilib", dest="multiLib", action="store_true", 

default=False, introduced=F18, help=""" 

Enable yum's "all" multilib_policy as opposed to the 

default of "best".""") 

op.add_argument("--excludeWeakdeps", dest="excludeWeakdeps", 

action="store_true", default=False, introduced=F24, 

help=""" 

Do not install packages from weak dependencies. These 

are packages linked to the selected package set by 

Recommends and Supplements flags. By default weak 

dependencies will be installed.""") 

op.add_argument("--timeout", dest="timeout", type=int, 

default=None, introduced=RHEL7, help=""" 

Set up yum's or dnf's timeout. It is a number of seconds 

to wait for a connection before timing out.""") 

op.add_argument("--retries", dest="retries", type=int, 

default=None, introduced=RHEL7, help=""" 

Set up yum's or dnf's retries. It is a number of times 

any attempt to retrieve a file should retry before 

returning an error.""") 

 

return op 

 

def handleHeader(self, lineno, args): 

"""Process the arguments to the %packages header and set attributes 

on the Version's Packages instance appropriate. This method may be 

overridden in a subclass if necessary. 

""" 

Section.handleHeader(self, lineno, args) 

op = self._getParser() 

ns = op.parse_args(args=args[1:], lineno=lineno) 

 

if ns.defaultPackages and ns.nobase: 

raise KickstartParseError(_("--default and --nobase cannot be used together"), lineno=lineno) 

elif ns.defaultPackages and ns.nocore: 

raise KickstartParseError(_("--default and --nocore cannot be used together"), lineno=lineno) 

 

self.handler.packages.excludeDocs = ns.excludedocs 

self.handler.packages.addBase = not ns.nobase 

if ns.ignoremissing: 

self.handler.packages.handleMissing = KS_MISSING_IGNORE 

else: 

self.handler.packages.handleMissing = KS_MISSING_PROMPT 

 

if ns.defaultPackages: 

self.handler.packages.default = True 

 

if ns.instLangs is not None: 

self.handler.packages.instLangs = ns.instLangs 

 

self.handler.packages.nocore = ns.nocore 

self.handler.packages.multiLib = ns.multiLib 

self.handler.packages.excludeWeakdeps = ns.excludeWeakdeps 

self.handler.packages.timeout = ns.timeout 

self.handler.packages.retries = ns.retries 

self.handler.packages.seen = True