From c48714e522ea147e49b0d0dfddf58a9b47137055 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001

From: =?UTF-8?q?Miloslav=20Trma=C4=8D?= <mitr@redhat.com>

Date: Thu, 20 Feb 2020 19:51:27 +0100

Subject: [PATCH 1/3] Update to github.com/mtrmac/gpgme v0.1.2

MIME-Version: 1.0

Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8

Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

This fixes CVE-2020-8945 by incorporating proglottis/gpgme#23 .

Other changes included by the rebase:

- Support for gpgme_off_t (~no-op on Linux)

- Wrapping a few more GPGME functions (irrelevant if we don't call them)

Given how invasive the CVE fix is (affecting basically all binding

code), it seems safer to just update the package (and be verifiably

equivalent with upstream) than to backport and try to back out the few

other changes.

Performed by

$ go get github.com/mtrmac/gpgme@v0.1.2

$ make vendor

and manually backing out unrelated deletions of files (which Go 1.13 does

but Go 1.11, used for testing the old version, does not).

Signed-off-by: Miloslav Trmač <mitr@redhat.com>

---

 go.mod                                        |   1 +

 go.sum                                        |   2 +

 vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/.appveyor.yml  |  40 ++

 vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/.travis.yml    |  32 ++

 vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/data.go        |  18 +-

 vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/go.mod         |   3 +

 vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/go_gpgme.c     |  22 ++

 vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/go_gpgme.h     |  12 +

 vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/gpgme.go       | 346 ++++++++++++++----

 .../mtrmac/gpgme/unset_agent_info.go          |  18 +

 .../mtrmac/gpgme/unset_agent_info_windows.go  |  14 +

 vendor/modules.txt                            |   2 +-

 12 files changed, 432 insertions(+), 78 deletions(-)

 create mode 100644 vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/.appveyor.yml

 create mode 100644 vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/.travis.yml

 create mode 100644 vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/go.mod

 create mode 100644 vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/unset_agent_info.go

 create mode 100644 vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/unset_agent_info_windows.go

diff --git a/go.mod b/go.mod

index 788827569..3335d7573 100644

--- a/go.mod

+++ b/go.mod

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ require (

 	github.com/docker/docker v0.0.0-20180522102801-da99009bbb11

 	github.com/dsnet/compress v0.0.1 // indirect

 	github.com/go-check/check v0.0.0-20180628173108-788fd7840127

+	github.com/mtrmac/gpgme v0.1.2 // indirect

 	github.com/opencontainers/go-digest v1.0.0-rc1

 	github.com/opencontainers/image-spec v1.0.2-0.20190823105129-775207bd45b6

 	github.com/opencontainers/image-tools v0.0.0-20170926011501-6d941547fa1d

diff --git a/go.sum b/go.sum

index c04f6f3a2..3ad0f17de 100644

--- a/go.sum

+++ b/go.sum

@@ -91,6 +91,8 @@ github.com/mistifyio/go-zfs v2.1.1+incompatible h1:gAMO1HM9xBRONLHHYnu5iFsOJUiJd

 github.com/mistifyio/go-zfs v2.1.1+incompatible/go.mod h1:8AuVvqP/mXw1px98n46wfvcGfQ4ci2FwoAjKYxuo3Z4=

 github.com/mtrmac/gpgme v0.0.0-20170102180018-b2432428689c h1:xa+eQWKuJ9MbB9FBL/eoNvDFvveAkz2LQoz8PzX7Q/4=

 github.com/mtrmac/gpgme v0.0.0-20170102180018-b2432428689c/go.mod h1:GhAqVMEWnTcW2dxoD/SO3n2enrgWl3y6Dnx4m59GvcA=

+github.com/mtrmac/gpgme v0.1.2 h1:dNOmvYmsrakgW7LcgiprD0yfRuQQe8/C8F6Z+zogO3s=

+github.com/mtrmac/gpgme v0.1.2/go.mod h1:GYYHnGSuS7HK3zVS2n3y73y0okK/BeKzwnn5jgiVFNI=

 github.com/mtrmac/image/v4 v4.0.0-20191002203927-a64d9d2717f4 h1:AE5cilZfrGtAgMg5Ed4c2Y2KczlOsMVZAK055sSq+gc=

 github.com/mtrmac/image/v4 v4.0.0-20191002203927-a64d9d2717f4/go.mod h1:0ASJH1YgJiX/eqFZObqepgsvIA4XjCgpyfwn9pDGafA=

 github.com/mtrmac/image/v4 v4.0.0-20191003181245-f4c983e93262 h1:HMUEnWU3OPT09JRFQLn8VTp3GfdfiEhDMAEhkdX8QnA=

diff --git a/vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/.appveyor.yml b/vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/.appveyor.yml

new file mode 100644

index 000000000..2fdc09ab5

--- /dev/null

+++ b/vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/.appveyor.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@

+---

+version: 0.{build}

+platform: x86

+branches:

+  only:

+    - master

+

+clone_folder: c:\gopath\src\github.com\proglottis\gpgme

+

+environment:   

+  GOPATH: c:\gopath

+  GOROOT: C:\go-x86

+  CGO_LDFLAGS: -LC:\gpg\lib

+  CGO_CFLAGS: -IC:\gpg\include

+  GPG_DIR: C:\gpg

+

+install:

+  - nuget install 7ZipCLI -ExcludeVersion

+  - set PATH=%appveyor_build_folder%\7ZipCLI\tools;%PATH%

+  - appveyor DownloadFile https://www.gnupg.org/ftp/gcrypt/binary/gnupg-w32-2.1.20_20170403.exe -FileName gnupg-w32-2.1.20_20170403.exe

+  - 7z x -o%GPG_DIR% gnupg-w32-2.1.20_20170403.exe

+  - copy "%GPG_DIR%\lib\libgpg-error.imp" "%GPG_DIR%\lib\libgpg-error.a"

+  - copy "%GPG_DIR%\lib\libassuan.imp" "%GPG_DIR%\lib\libassuan.a"

+  - copy "%GPG_DIR%\lib\libgpgme.imp" "%GPG_DIR%\lib\libgpgme.a"

+  - set PATH=%GOPATH%\bin;%GOROOT%\bin;%GPG_DIR%\bin;C:\MinGW\bin;%PATH%

+  - C:\cygwin\bin\sed -i 's/"GPG_AGENT_INFO"/"GPG_AGENT_INFO="/;s/C.unsetenv(v)/C.putenv(v)/' %APPVEYOR_BUILD_FOLDER%\gpgme.go

+

+test_script:

+  - go test -v github.com/proglottis/gpgme

+

+

+build_script:

+  - go build -o example_decrypt.exe -i %APPVEYOR_BUILD_FOLDER%\examples\decrypt.go

+  - go build -o example_encrypt.exe -i %APPVEYOR_BUILD_FOLDER%\examples\encrypt.go

+

+artifacts:

+  - path: example_decrypt.exe

+    name: decrypt example binary

+  - path: example_encrypt.exe

+    name: encrypt example binary

\ No newline at end of file

diff --git a/vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/.travis.yml b/vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/.travis.yml

new file mode 100644

index 000000000..619e33721

--- /dev/null

+++ b/vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/.travis.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@

+---

+language: go

+os:

+  - linux

+  - osx

+  - windows

+dist: xenial

+sudo: false

+

+go:

+  - 1.11

+  - 1.12

+  - 1.13

+

+addons:

+  apt:

+    packages:

+    - libgpgme11-dev

+  homebrew:

+    packages:

+    - gnupg

+    - gnupg@1.4

+    - gpgme

+    update: true

+

+matrix:

+  allow_failures:

+    - os: windows

+

+before_install:

+  - if [[ "$TRAVIS_OS_NAME" == "windows" ]]; then choco install msys2; fi

+  - if [[ "$TRAVIS_OS_NAME" == "windows" ]]; then choco install gpg4win; fi

diff --git a/vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/data.go b/vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/data.go

index eebc97263..eee32c032 100644

--- a/vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/data.go

+++ b/vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/data.go

@@ -50,25 +50,25 @@ func gogpgme_writefunc(handle, buffer unsafe.Pointer, size C.size_t) C.ssize_t {

 }

 //export gogpgme_seekfunc

-func gogpgme_seekfunc(handle unsafe.Pointer, offset C.off_t, whence C.int) C.off_t {

+func gogpgme_seekfunc(handle unsafe.Pointer, offset C.gpgme_off_t, whence C.int) C.gpgme_off_t {

 	d := callbackLookup(uintptr(handle)).(*Data)

 	n, err := d.s.Seek(int64(offset), int(whence))

 	if err != nil {

 		C.gpgme_err_set_errno(C.EIO)

 		return -1

 	}

-	return C.off_t(n)

+	return C.gpgme_off_t(n)

 }

 // The Data buffer used to communicate with GPGME

 type Data struct {

-	dh  C.gpgme_data_t

+	dh  C.gpgme_data_t // WARNING: Call runtime.KeepAlive(d) after ANY passing of d.dh to C

 	buf []byte

 	cbs C.struct_gpgme_data_cbs

 	r   io.Reader

 	w   io.Writer

 	s   io.Seeker

-	cbc uintptr

+	cbc uintptr // WARNING: Call runtime.KeepAlive(d) after ANY use of d.cbc in C (typically via d.dh)

 }

 func newData() *Data {

@@ -154,12 +154,14 @@ func (d *Data) Close() error {

 		callbackDelete(d.cbc)

 	}

 	_, err := C.gpgme_data_release(d.dh)

+	runtime.KeepAlive(d)

 	d.dh = nil

 	return err

 }

 func (d *Data) Write(p []byte) (int, error) {

 	n, err := C.gpgme_data_write(d.dh, unsafe.Pointer(&p[0]), C.size_t(len(p)))

+	runtime.KeepAlive(d)

 	if err != nil {

 		return 0, err

 	}

@@ -171,6 +173,7 @@ func (d *Data) Write(p []byte) (int, error) {

 func (d *Data) Read(p []byte) (int, error) {

 	n, err := C.gpgme_data_read(d.dh, unsafe.Pointer(&p[0]), C.size_t(len(p)))

+	runtime.KeepAlive(d)

 	if err != nil {

 		return 0, err

 	}

@@ -181,11 +184,14 @@ func (d *Data) Read(p []byte) (int, error) {

 }

 func (d *Data) Seek(offset int64, whence int) (int64, error) {

-	n, err := C.gpgme_data_seek(d.dh, C.off_t(offset), C.int(whence))

+	n, err := C.gogpgme_data_seek(d.dh, C.gpgme_off_t(offset), C.int(whence))

+	runtime.KeepAlive(d)

 	return int64(n), err

 }

 // Name returns the associated filename if any

 func (d *Data) Name() string {

-	return C.GoString(C.gpgme_data_get_file_name(d.dh))

+	res := C.GoString(C.gpgme_data_get_file_name(d.dh))

+	runtime.KeepAlive(d)

+	return res

 }

diff --git a/vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/go.mod b/vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/go.mod

new file mode 100644

index 000000000..3dd09c9fb

--- /dev/null

+++ b/vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/go.mod

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@

+module github.com/mtrmac/gpgme

+

+go 1.11

diff --git a/vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/go_gpgme.c b/vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/go_gpgme.c

index b887574e0..00da3ab30 100644

--- a/vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/go_gpgme.c

+++ b/vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/go_gpgme.c

@@ -8,6 +8,28 @@ void gogpgme_set_passphrase_cb(gpgme_ctx_t ctx, gpgme_passphrase_cb_t cb, uintpt

 	gpgme_set_passphrase_cb(ctx, cb, (void *)handle);

 }

+gpgme_off_t gogpgme_data_seek(gpgme_data_t dh, gpgme_off_t offset, int whence) {

+	return gpgme_data_seek(dh, offset, whence);

+}

+

+gpgme_error_t gogpgme_op_assuan_transact_ext(

+		gpgme_ctx_t ctx,

+		char* cmd,

+		uintptr_t data_h,

+		uintptr_t inquiry_h,

+		uintptr_t status_h,

+		gpgme_error_t *operr

+	){

+	return gpgme_op_assuan_transact_ext(

+		ctx,

+		cmd,

+		(gpgme_assuan_data_cb_t)    gogpgme_assuan_data_callback,    (void *)data_h,

+		(gpgme_assuan_inquire_cb_t) gogpgme_assuan_inquiry_callback, (void *)inquiry_h,

+		(gpgme_assuan_status_cb_t)  gogpgme_assuan_status_callback,  (void *)status_h,

+		operr

+	);

+}

+

 unsigned int key_revoked(gpgme_key_t k) {

 	return k->revoked;

 }

diff --git a/vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/go_gpgme.h b/vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/go_gpgme.h

index a3678b127..d4826ab36 100644

--- a/vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/go_gpgme.h

+++ b/vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/go_gpgme.h

@@ -6,12 +6,24 @@

 #include <gpgme.h>

+/* GPGME_VERSION_NUMBER was introduced in 1.4.0 */

+#if !defined(GPGME_VERSION_NUMBER) || GPGME_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x010402

+typedef off_t gpgme_off_t; /* Introduced in 1.4.2 */

+#endif

+

 extern ssize_t gogpgme_readfunc(void *handle, void *buffer, size_t size);

 extern ssize_t gogpgme_writefunc(void *handle, void *buffer, size_t size);

 extern off_t gogpgme_seekfunc(void *handle, off_t offset, int whence);

 extern gpgme_error_t gogpgme_passfunc(void *hook, char *uid_hint, char *passphrase_info, int prev_was_bad, int fd);

 extern gpgme_error_t gogpgme_data_new_from_cbs(gpgme_data_t *dh, gpgme_data_cbs_t cbs, uintptr_t handle);

 extern void gogpgme_set_passphrase_cb(gpgme_ctx_t ctx, gpgme_passphrase_cb_t cb, uintptr_t handle);

+extern gpgme_off_t gogpgme_data_seek(gpgme_data_t dh, gpgme_off_t offset, int whence);

+

+extern gpgme_error_t gogpgme_op_assuan_transact_ext(gpgme_ctx_t ctx, char *cmd, uintptr_t data_h, uintptr_t inquiry_h , uintptr_t status_h, gpgme_error_t *operr);

+

+extern gpgme_error_t gogpgme_assuan_data_callback(void *opaque, void* data, size_t datalen );

+extern gpgme_error_t gogpgme_assuan_inquiry_callback(void *opaque, char* name, char* args);

+extern gpgme_error_t gogpgme_assuan_status_callback(void *opaque, char* status, char* args);

 extern unsigned int key_revoked(gpgme_key_t k);

 extern unsigned int key_expired(gpgme_key_t k);

diff --git a/vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/gpgme.go b/vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/gpgme.go

index 20aad737c..c19b9aebc 100644

--- a/vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/gpgme.go

+++ b/vendor/github.com/mtrmac/gpgme/gpgme.go

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ package gpgme

 // #include <gpgme.h>

 // #include "go_gpgme.h"

 import "C"

-

 import (

 	"fmt"

 	"io"

@@ -48,9 +47,8 @@ const (

 	ProtocolAssuan   Protocol = C.GPGME_PROTOCOL_ASSUAN

 	ProtocolG13      Protocol = C.GPGME_PROTOCOL_G13

 	ProtocolUIServer Protocol = C.GPGME_PROTOCOL_UISERVER

-	// ProtocolSpawn    Protocol = C.GPGME_PROTOCOL_SPAWN // Unavailable in 1.4.3

-	ProtocolDefault Protocol = C.GPGME_PROTOCOL_DEFAULT

-	ProtocolUnknown Protocol = C.GPGME_PROTOCOL_UNKNOWN

+	ProtocolDefault  Protocol = C.GPGME_PROTOCOL_DEFAULT

+	ProtocolUnknown  Protocol = C.GPGME_PROTOCOL_UNKNOWN

 )

 type PinEntryMode int

@@ -70,7 +68,6 @@ const (

 	EncryptNoEncryptTo EncryptFlag = C.GPGME_ENCRYPT_NO_ENCRYPT_TO

 	EncryptPrepare     EncryptFlag = C.GPGME_ENCRYPT_PREPARE

 	EncryptExceptSign  EncryptFlag = C.GPGME_ENCRYPT_EXPECT_SIGN

-	// EncryptNoCompress  EncryptFlag = C.GPGME_ENCRYPT_NO_COMPRESS // Unavailable in 1.4.3

 )

 type HashAlgo int

@@ -84,7 +81,6 @@ const (

 	KeyListModeExtern       KeyListMode = C.GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_EXTERN

 	KeyListModeSigs         KeyListMode = C.GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_SIGS

 	KeyListModeSigNotations KeyListMode = C.GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_SIG_NOTATIONS

-	// KeyListModeWithSecret   KeyListMode = C.GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_WITH_SECRET // Unavailable in 1.4.3

 	KeyListModeEphemeral    KeyListMode = C.GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_EPHEMERAL

 	KeyListModeModeValidate KeyListMode = C.GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_VALIDATE

 )

@@ -168,39 +164,60 @@ func EngineCheckVersion(p Protocol) error {

 }

 type EngineInfo struct {

-	info C.gpgme_engine_info_t

+	next            *EngineInfo

+	protocol        Protocol

+	fileName        string

+	homeDir         string

+	version         string

+	requiredVersion string

 }

-func (e *EngineInfo) Next() *EngineInfo {

-	if e.info.next == nil {

-		return nil

+func copyEngineInfo(info C.gpgme_engine_info_t) *EngineInfo {

+	res := &EngineInfo{

+		next:            nil,

+		protocol:        Protocol(info.protocol),

+		fileName:        C.GoString(info.file_name),

+		homeDir:         C.GoString(info.home_dir),

+		version:         C.GoString(info.version),

+		requiredVersion: C.GoString(info.req_version),

+	}

+	if info.next != nil {

+		res.next = copyEngineInfo(info.next)

 	}

-	return &EngineInfo{info: e.info.next}

+	return res

+}

+

+func (e *EngineInfo) Next() *EngineInfo {

+	return e.next

 }

 func (e *EngineInfo) Protocol() Protocol {

-	return Protocol(e.info.protocol)

+	return e.protocol

 }

 func (e *EngineInfo) FileName() string {

-	return C.GoString(e.info.file_name)

+	return e.fileName

 }

 func (e *EngineInfo) Version() string {

-	return C.GoString(e.info.version)

+	return e.version

 }

 func (e *EngineInfo) RequiredVersion() string {

-	return C.GoString(e.info.req_version)

+	return e.requiredVersion

 }

 func (e *EngineInfo) HomeDir() string {

-	return C.GoString(e.info.home_dir)

+	return e.homeDir

 }

 func GetEngineInfo() (*EngineInfo, error) {

-	info := &EngineInfo{}

-	return info, handleError(C.gpgme_get_engine_info(&info.info))

+	var cInfo C.gpgme_engine_info_t

+	err := handleError(C.gpgme_get_engine_info(&cInfo))

+	if err != nil {

+		return nil, err

+	}

+	return copyEngineInfo(cInfo), nil // It is up to the caller not to invalidate cInfo concurrently until this is done.

 }

 func SetEngineInfo(proto Protocol, fileName, homeDir string) error {

@@ -261,9 +278,9 @@ type Context struct {

 	KeyError error

 	callback Callback

-	cbc      uintptr

+	cbc      uintptr // WARNING: Call runtime.KeepAlive(c) after ANY use of c.cbc in C (typically via c.ctx)

-	ctx C.gpgme_ctx_t

+	ctx C.gpgme_ctx_t // WARNING: Call runtime.KeepAlive(c) after ANY passing of c.ctx to C

 }

 func New() (*Context, error) {

@@ -281,49 +298,68 @@ func (c *Context) Release() {

 		callbackDelete(c.cbc)

 	}

 	C.gpgme_release(c.ctx)

+	runtime.KeepAlive(c)

 	c.ctx = nil

 }

 func (c *Context) SetArmor(yes bool) {

 	C.gpgme_set_armor(c.ctx, cbool(yes))

+	runtime.KeepAlive(c)

 }

 func (c *Context) Armor() bool {

-	return C.gpgme_get_armor(c.ctx) != 0

+	res := C.gpgme_get_armor(c.ctx) != 0

+	runtime.KeepAlive(c)

+	return res

 }

 func (c *Context) SetTextMode(yes bool) {

 	C.gpgme_set_textmode(c.ctx, cbool(yes))

+	runtime.KeepAlive(c)

 }

 func (c *Context) TextMode() bool {

-	return C.gpgme_get_textmode(c.ctx) != 0

+	res := C.gpgme_get_textmode(c.ctx) != 0

+	runtime.KeepAlive(c)

+	return res

 }

 func (c *Context) SetProtocol(p Protocol) error {

-	return handleError(C.gpgme_set_protocol(c.ctx, C.gpgme_protocol_t(p)))

+	err := handleError(C.gpgme_set_protocol(c.ctx, C.gpgme_protocol_t(p)))

+	runtime.KeepAlive(c)

+	return err

 }

 func (c *Context) Protocol() Protocol {

-	return Protocol(C.gpgme_get_protocol(c.ctx))

+	res := Protocol(C.gpgme_get_protocol(c.ctx))

+	runtime.KeepAlive(c)

+	return res

 }

 func (c *Context) SetKeyListMode(m KeyListMode) error {

-	return handleError(C.gpgme_set_keylist_mode(c.ctx, C.gpgme_keylist_mode_t(m)))

+	err := handleError(C.gpgme_set_keylist_mode(c.ctx, C.gpgme_keylist_mode_t(m)))

+	runtime.KeepAlive(c)

+	return err

 }

 func (c *Context) KeyListMode() KeyListMode {

-	return KeyListMode(C.gpgme_get_keylist_mode(c.ctx))

+	res := KeyListMode(C.gpgme_get_keylist_mode(c.ctx))

+	runtime.KeepAlive(c)

+	return res

 }

 // Unavailable in 1.3.2:

 // func (c *Context) SetPinEntryMode(m PinEntryMode) error {

-// 	return handleError(C.gpgme_set_pinentry_mode(c.ctx, C.gpgme_pinentry_mode_t(m)))

+// 	err := handleError(C.gpgme_set_pinentry_mode(c.ctx, C.gpgme_pinentry_mode_t(m)))

+// 	runtime.KeepAlive(c)

+// 	return err

 // }

 // Unavailable in 1.3.2:

 // func (c *Context) PinEntryMode() PinEntryMode {

-// 	return PinEntryMode(C.gpgme_get_pinentry_mode(c.ctx))

+// 	res := PinEntryMode(C.gpgme_get_pinentry_mode(c.ctx))

+// 	runtime.KeepAlive(c)

+// 	return res

 // }

 func (c *Context) SetCallback(callback Callback) error {

@@ -340,11 +376,17 @@ func (c *Context) SetCallback(callback Callback) error {

 		c.cbc = 0

 		_, err = C.gogpgme_set_passphrase_cb(c.ctx, nil, 0)

 	}

+	runtime.KeepAlive(c)

 	return err

 }

 func (c *Context) EngineInfo() *EngineInfo {

-	return &EngineInfo{info: C.gpgme_ctx_get_engine_info(c.ctx)}

+	cInfo := C.gpgme_ctx_get_engine_info(c.ctx)

+	runtime.KeepAlive(c)

+	// NOTE: c must be live as long as we are accessing cInfo.

+	res := copyEngineInfo(cInfo)

+	runtime.KeepAlive(c) // for accesses to cInfo

+	return res

 }

 func (c *Context) SetEngineInfo(proto Protocol, fileName, homeDir string) error {

@@ -357,19 +399,23 @@ func (c *Context) SetEngineInfo(proto Protocol, fileName, homeDir string) error

 		chome = C.CString(homeDir)

 		defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(chome))

 	}

-	return handleError(C.gpgme_ctx_set_engine_info(c.ctx, C.gpgme_protocol_t(proto), cfn, chome))

+	err := handleError(C.gpgme_ctx_set_engine_info(c.ctx, C.gpgme_protocol_t(proto), cfn, chome))

+	runtime.KeepAlive(c)

+	return err

 }

 func (c *Context) KeyListStart(pattern string, secretOnly bool) error {

 	cpattern := C.CString(pattern)

 	defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(cpattern))

-	err := C.gpgme_op_keylist_start(c.ctx, cpattern, cbool(secretOnly))

-	return handleError(err)

+	err := handleError(C.gpgme_op_keylist_start(c.ctx, cpattern, cbool(secretOnly)))

+	runtime.KeepAlive(c)

+	return err

 }

 func (c *Context) KeyListNext() bool {

 	c.Key = newKey()

 	err := handleError(C.gpgme_op_keylist_next(c.ctx, &c.Key.k))

+	runtime.KeepAlive(c) // implies runtime.KeepAlive(c.Key)

 	if err != nil {

 		if e, ok := err.(Error); ok && e.Code() == ErrorEOF {

 			c.KeyError = nil

@@ -383,7 +429,9 @@ func (c *Context) KeyListNext() bool {

 }

 func (c *Context) KeyListEnd() error {

-	return handleError(C.gpgme_op_keylist_end(c.ctx))

+	err := handleError(C.gpgme_op_keylist_end(c.ctx))

+	runtime.KeepAlive(c)

+	return err

 }

 func (c *Context) GetKey(fingerprint string, secret bool) (*Key, error) {

@@ -391,7 +439,11 @@ func (c *Context) GetKey(fingerprint string, secret bool) (*Key, error) {

 	cfpr := C.CString(fingerprint)

 	defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(cfpr))

 	err := handleError(C.gpgme_get_key(c.ctx, cfpr, &key.k, cbool(secret)))

-	if e, ok := err.(Error); key.k == nil && ok && e.Code() == ErrorEOF {

+	runtime.KeepAlive(c)

+	runtime.KeepAlive(key)

+	keyKIsNil := key.k == nil

+	runtime.KeepAlive(key)

+	if e, ok := err.(Error); keyKIsNil && ok && e.Code() == ErrorEOF {

 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("key %q not found", fingerprint)

 	}

 	if err != nil {

@@ -401,11 +453,19 @@ func (c *Context) GetKey(fingerprint string, secret bool) (*Key, error) {

 }

 func (c *Context) Decrypt(ciphertext, plaintext *Data) error {

-	return handleError(C.gpgme_op_decrypt(c.ctx, ciphertext.dh, plaintext.dh))

+	err := handleError(C.gpgme_op_decrypt(c.ctx, ciphertext.dh, plaintext.dh))

+	runtime.KeepAlive(c)

+	runtime.KeepAlive(ciphertext)

+	runtime.KeepAlive(plaintext)

+	return err

 }

 func (c *Context) DecryptVerify(ciphertext, plaintext *Data) error {

-	return handleError(C.gpgme_op_decrypt_verify(c.ctx, ciphertext.dh, plaintext.dh))

+	err := handleError(C.gpgme_op_decrypt_verify(c.ctx, ciphertext.dh, plaintext.dh))

+	runtime.KeepAlive(c)

+	runtime.KeepAlive(ciphertext)

+	runtime.KeepAlive(plaintext)

+	return err

 }

 type Signature struct {

@@ -432,10 +492,20 @@ func (c *Context) Verify(sig, signedText, plain *Data) (string, []Signature, err

 		plainPtr = plain.dh

 	}

 	err := handleError(C.gpgme_op_verify(c.ctx, sig.dh, signedTextPtr, plainPtr))

+	runtime.KeepAlive(c)

+	runtime.KeepAlive(sig)

+	if signedText != nil {

+		runtime.KeepAlive(signedText)

+	}

+	if plain != nil {

+		runtime.KeepAlive(plain)

+	}

 	if err != nil {

 		return "", nil, err

 	}

 	res := C.gpgme_op_verify_result(c.ctx)

+	runtime.KeepAlive(c)

+	// NOTE: c must be live as long as we are accessing res.

 	sigs := []Signature{}

 	for s := res.signatures; s != nil; s = s.next {

 		sig := Signature{

@@ -455,7 +525,9 @@ func (c *Context) Verify(sig, signedText, plain *Data) (string, []Signature, err

 		}

 		sigs = append(sigs, sig)

 	}

-	return C.GoString(res.file_name), sigs, nil

+	fileName := C.GoString(res.file_name)

+	runtime.KeepAlive(c) // for all accesses to res above

+	return fileName, sigs, nil

 }

 func (c *Context) Encrypt(recipients []*Key, flags EncryptFlag, plaintext, ciphertext *Data) error {

@@ -467,18 +539,116 @@ func (c *Context) Encrypt(recipients []*Key, flags EncryptFlag, plaintext, ciphe

 		*ptr = recipients[i].k

 	}

 	err := C.gpgme_op_encrypt(c.ctx, (*C.gpgme_key_t)(recp), C.gpgme_encrypt_flags_t(flags), plaintext.dh, ciphertext.dh)

+	runtime.KeepAlive(c)

+	runtime.KeepAlive(recipients)

+	runtime.KeepAlive(plaintext)

+	runtime.KeepAlive(ciphertext)

 	return handleError(err)

 }

 func (c *Context) Sign(signers []*Key, plain, sig *Data, mode SigMode) error {

 	C.gpgme_signers_clear(c.ctx)

+	runtime.KeepAlive(c)

 	for _, k := range signers {

-		if err := handleError(C.gpgme_signers_add(c.ctx, k.k)); err != nil {

+		err := handleError(C.gpgme_signers_add(c.ctx, k.k))

+		runtime.KeepAlive(c)

+		runtime.KeepAlive(k)

+		if err != nil {

 			C.gpgme_signers_clear(c.ctx)

+			runtime.KeepAlive(c)

 			return err

 		}

 	}

-	return handleError(C.gpgme_op_sign(c.ctx, plain.dh, sig.dh, C.gpgme_sig_mode_t(mode)))

+	err := handleError(C.gpgme_op_sign(c.ctx, plain.dh, sig.dh, C.gpgme_sig_mode_t(mode)))

+	runtime.KeepAlive(c)

+	runtime.KeepAlive(plain)

+	runtime.KeepAlive(sig)

+	return err

+}

+

+type AssuanDataCallback func(data []byte) error

+type AssuanInquireCallback func(name, args string) error

+type AssuanStatusCallback func(status, args string) error

+

+// AssuanSend sends a raw Assuan command to gpg-agent

+func (c *Context) AssuanSend(

+	cmd string,

+	data AssuanDataCallback,

+	inquiry AssuanInquireCallback,

+	status AssuanStatusCallback,

+) error {

+	var operr C.gpgme_error_t

+

+	dataPtr := callbackAdd(&data)

+	inquiryPtr := callbackAdd(&inquiry)

+	statusPtr := callbackAdd(&status)

+	cmdCStr := C.CString(cmd)

+	defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(cmdCStr))

+	err := C.gogpgme_op_assuan_transact_ext(

+		c.ctx,

+		cmdCStr,

+		C.uintptr_t(dataPtr),

+		C.uintptr_t(inquiryPtr),

+		C.uintptr_t(statusPtr),

+		&operr,

+	)

+	runtime.KeepAlive(c)

+

+	if handleError(operr) != nil {

+		return handleError(operr)

+	}

+	return handleError(err)

+}

+

+//export gogpgme_assuan_data_callback

+func gogpgme_assuan_data_callback(handle unsafe.Pointer, data unsafe.Pointer, datalen C.size_t) C.gpgme_error_t {

+	c := callbackLookup(uintptr(handle)).(*AssuanDataCallback)

+	if *c == nil {

+		return 0

+	}

+	(*c)(C.GoBytes(data, C.int(datalen)))

+	return 0

+}

+

+//export gogpgme_assuan_inquiry_callback

+func gogpgme_assuan_inquiry_callback(handle unsafe.Pointer, cName *C.char, cArgs *C.char) C.gpgme_error_t {

+	name := C.GoString(cName)

+	args := C.GoString(cArgs)

+	c := callbackLookup(uintptr(handle)).(*AssuanInquireCallback)

+	if *c == nil {

+		return 0

+	}

+	(*c)(name, args)

+	return 0

+}

+

+//export gogpgme_assuan_status_callback

+func gogpgme_assuan_status_callback(handle unsafe.Pointer, cStatus *C.char, cArgs *C.char) C.gpgme_error_t {