diff --git a/Doc/library/urllib.parse.rst b/Doc/library/urllib.parse.rst
index 40098d0..1b3d4e3 100644
--- a/Doc/library/urllib.parse.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/urllib.parse.rst
@@ -118,6 +118,11 @@ or on combining URL components into a URL string.
    See section :ref:`urlparse-result-object` for more information on the result
    object.
 
+   Characters in the :attr:`netloc` attribute that decompose under NFKC
+   normalization (as used by the IDNA encoding) into any of ``/``, ``?``,
+   ``#``, ``@``, or ``:`` will raise a :exc:`ValueError`. If the URL is
+   decomposed before parsing, no error will be raised.
+
    .. versionchanged:: 3.2
       Added IPv6 URL parsing capabilities.
 
@@ -126,6 +131,10 @@ or on combining URL components into a URL string.
       false), in accordance with :rfc:`3986`.  Previously, a whitelist of
       schemes that support fragments existed.
 
+   .. versionchanged:: 3.5.7
+      Characters that affect netloc parsing under NFKC normalization will
+      now raise :exc:`ValueError`.
+
 
 .. function:: parse_qs(qs, keep_blank_values=False, strict_parsing=False, encoding='utf-8', errors='replace')
 
@@ -231,6 +240,15 @@ or on combining URL components into a URL string.
    See section :ref:`urlparse-result-object` for more information on the result
    object.
 
+   Characters in the :attr:`netloc` attribute that decompose under NFKC
+   normalization (as used by the IDNA encoding) into any of ``/``, ``?``,
+   ``#``, ``@``, or ``:`` will raise a :exc:`ValueError`. If the URL is
+   decomposed before parsing, no error will be raised.
+
+   .. versionchanged:: 3.5.7
+      Characters that affect netloc parsing under NFKC normalization will
+      now raise :exc:`ValueError`.
+
 
 .. function:: urlunsplit(parts)
 
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_urlparse.py b/Lib/test/test_urlparse.py
index 0552f90..06c29da 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_urlparse.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_urlparse.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import sys
+import unicodedata
 import unittest
 import urllib.parse
 
@@ -910,6 +912,33 @@ class UrlParseTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
                 expected.append(name)
         self.assertCountEqual(urllib.parse.__all__, expected)
 
+    def test_urlsplit_normalization(self):
+        # Certain characters should never occur in the netloc,
+        # including under normalization.
+        # Ensure that ALL of them are detected and cause an error
+        illegal_chars = '/:#?@'
+        hex_chars = {'{:04X}'.format(ord(c)) for c in illegal_chars}
+        denorm_chars = [
+            c for c in map(chr, range(128, sys.maxunicode))
+            if (hex_chars & set(unicodedata.decomposition(c).split()))
+            and c not in illegal_chars
+        ]
+        # Sanity check that we found at least one such character
+        self.assertIn('\u2100', denorm_chars)
+        self.assertIn('\uFF03', denorm_chars)
+
+        # bpo-36742: Verify port separators are ignored when they
+        # existed prior to decomposition
+        urllib.parse.urlsplit('http://\u30d5\u309a:80')
+        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+            urllib.parse.urlsplit('http://\u30d5\u309a\ufe1380')
+
+        for scheme in ["http", "https", "ftp"]:
+            for c in denorm_chars:
+                url = "{}://netloc{}false.netloc/path".format(scheme, c)
+                with self.subTest(url=url, char='{:04X}'.format(ord(c))):
+                    with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+                        urllib.parse.urlsplit(url)
 
 class Utility_Tests(unittest.TestCase):
     """Testcase to test the various utility functions in the urllib."""
diff --git a/Lib/urllib/parse.py b/Lib/urllib/parse.py
index 01c9e58..c449b3c 100644
--- a/Lib/urllib/parse.py
+++ b/Lib/urllib/parse.py
@@ -318,6 +318,24 @@ def _splitnetloc(url, start=0):
             delim = min(delim, wdelim)     # use earliest delim position
     return url[start:delim], url[delim:]   # return (domain, rest)
 
+def _checknetloc(netloc):
+    if not netloc or not any(ord(c) > 127 for c in netloc):
+        return
+    # looking for characters like \u2100 that expand to 'a/c'
+    # IDNA uses NFKC equivalence, so normalize for this check
+    import unicodedata
+    n = netloc.rpartition('@')[2] # ignore anything to the left of '@'
+    n = n.replace(':', '')        # ignore characters already included
+    n = n.replace('#', '')        # but not the surrounding text
+    n = n.replace('?', '')
+    netloc2 = unicodedata.normalize('NFKC', n)
+    if n == netloc2:
+        return
+    for c in '/?#@:':
+        if c in netloc2:
+            raise ValueError("netloc '" + netloc + "' contains invalid " +
+                             "characters under NFKC normalization")
+
 def urlsplit(url, scheme='', allow_fragments=True):
     """Parse a URL into 5 components:
     <scheme>://<netloc>/<path>?<query>#<fragment>
@@ -347,6 +365,7 @@ def urlsplit(url, scheme='', allow_fragments=True):
                 url, fragment = url.split('#', 1)
             if '?' in url:
                 url, query = url.split('?', 1)
+            _checknetloc(netloc)
             v = SplitResult(scheme, netloc, url, query, fragment)
             _parse_cache[key] = v
             return _coerce_result(v)
@@ -370,6 +389,7 @@ def urlsplit(url, scheme='', allow_fragments=True):
         url, fragment = url.split('#', 1)
     if '?' in url:
         url, query = url.split('?', 1)
+    _checknetloc(netloc)
     v = SplitResult(scheme, netloc, url, query, fragment)
     _parse_cache[key] = v
     return _coerce_result(v)