From 4bde615c5fa2a6a6f61ca533e46a062691d83f45 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: bradh352 <brad@brad-house.com>
Date: Fri, 11 Jun 2021 11:27:45 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 1/2] ares_expand_name() should escape more characters

RFC1035 5.1 specifies some reserved characters and escaping sequences
that are allowed to be specified.  Expand the list of reserved characters
and also escape non-printable characters using the \DDD format as
specified in the RFC.

Bug Reported By: philipp.jeitner@sit.fraunhofer.de
Fix By: Brad House (@bradh352)
---
 ares_expand_name.c | 41 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
 1 file changed, 38 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/ares_expand_name.c b/ares_expand_name.c
index 3a38e67..8604543 100644
--- a/ares_expand_name.c
+++ b/ares_expand_name.c
@@ -38,6 +38,26 @@
 static int name_length(const unsigned char *encoded, const unsigned char *abuf,
                        int alen);
 
+/* Reserved characters for names that need to be escaped */
+static int is_reservedch(int ch)
+{
+  switch (ch) {
+    case '"':
+    case '.':
+    case ';':
+    case '\\':
+    case '(':
+    case ')':
+    case '@':
+    case '$':
+      return 1;
+    default:
+      break;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
 /* Expand an RFC1035-encoded domain name given by encoded.  The
  * containing message is given by abuf and alen.  The result given by
  * *s, which is set to a NUL-terminated allocated buffer.  *enclen is
@@ -117,9 +137,18 @@ int ares_expand_name(const unsigned char *encoded, const unsigned char *abuf,
           p++;
           while (len--)
             {
-              if (*p == '.' || *p == '\\')
+              if (!isprint(*p)) {
+                /* Output as \DDD for consistency with RFC1035 5.1 */
+                *q++ = '\\';
+                *q++ = '0' + *p / 100;
+                *q++ = '0' + (*p % 100) / 10;
+                *q++ = '0' + (*p % 10);
+              } else if (is_reservedch(*p)) {
                 *q++ = '\\';
-              *q++ = *p;
+                *q++ = *p;
+              } else {
+                *q++ = *p;
+              }
               p++;
             }
           *q++ = '.';
@@ -177,7 +206,13 @@ static int name_length(const unsigned char *encoded, const unsigned char *abuf,
           encoded++;
           while (offset--)
             {
-              n += (*encoded == '.' || *encoded == '\\') ? 2 : 1;
+              if (!isprint(*encoded)) {
+                n += 4;
+              } else if (is_reservedch(*encoded)) {
+                n += 2;
+              } else {
+                n += 1;
+              }
               encoded++;
             }
           n++;
-- 
2.26.3


From 86cc9241f89c1155111b992ccc03bf76d8ae634a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: bradh352 <brad@brad-house.com>
Date: Fri, 11 Jun 2021 12:39:24 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 2/2] ares_expand_name(): fix formatting and handling of root
 name response

Fixes issue introduced in prior commit with formatting and handling
of parsing a root name response which should not be escaped.

Fix By: Brad House
---
 ares_expand_name.c | 62 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------
 1 file changed, 40 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-)

diff --git a/ares_expand_name.c b/ares_expand_name.c
index 8604543..f89ee3f 100644
--- a/ares_expand_name.c
+++ b/ares_expand_name.c
@@ -133,27 +133,37 @@ int ares_expand_name(const unsigned char *encoded, const unsigned char *abuf,
         }
       else
         {
-          len = *p;
+          int name_len = *p;
+          len = name_len;
           p++;
+
           while (len--)
             {
-              if (!isprint(*p)) {
-                /* Output as \DDD for consistency with RFC1035 5.1 */
-                *q++ = '\\';
-                *q++ = '0' + *p / 100;
-                *q++ = '0' + (*p % 100) / 10;
-                *q++ = '0' + (*p % 10);
-              } else if (is_reservedch(*p)) {
-                *q++ = '\\';
-                *q++ = *p;
-              } else {
-                *q++ = *p;
-              }
+              /* Output as \DDD for consistency with RFC1035 5.1, except
+               * for the special case of a root name response  */
+              if (!isprint(*p) && !(name_len == 1 && *p == 0))
+                {
+
+                  *q++ = '\\';
+                  *q++ = '0' + *p / 100;
+                  *q++ = '0' + (*p % 100) / 10;
+                  *q++ = '0' + (*p % 10);
+                }
+              else if (is_reservedch(*p))
+                {
+                  *q++ = '\\';
+                  *q++ = *p;
+                }
+              else
+                {
+                  *q++ = *p;
+                }
               p++;
             }
           *q++ = '.';
         }
-    }
+     }
+
   if (!indir)
     *enclen = aresx_uztosl(p + 1U - encoded);
 
@@ -200,21 +210,29 @@ static int name_length(const unsigned char *encoded, const unsigned char *abuf,
         }
       else if (top == 0x00)
         {
-          offset = *encoded;
+          int name_len = *encoded;
+          offset = name_len;
           if (encoded + offset + 1 >= abuf + alen)
             return -1;
           encoded++;
+
           while (offset--)
             {
-              if (!isprint(*encoded)) {
-                n += 4;
-              } else if (is_reservedch(*encoded)) {
-                n += 2;
-              } else {
-                n += 1;
-              }
+              if (!isprint(*encoded) && !(name_len == 1 && *encoded == 0))
+                {
+                  n += 4;
+                }
+              else if (is_reservedch(*encoded))
+                {
+                  n += 2;
+                }
+              else
+                {
+                  n += 1;
+                }
               encoded++;
             }
+
           n++;
         }
       else
-- 
2.26.3