diff --git a/scp.c b/scp.c

--- a/scp.c	(revision 8241b9c0529228b4b86d88b1a6076fb9f97e4a99)

+++ b/scp.c	(date 1703111453316)

@@ -1372,7 +1372,7 @@

 	if (src_is_dir && iamrecursive) {

 		if (sftp_upload_dir(conn, src, abs_dst, pflag,

-		    SFTP_PROGRESS_ONLY, 0, 0, 1, 1) != 0) {

+		    SFTP_PROGRESS_ONLY, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1) != 0) {

 			error("failed to upload directory %s to %s", src, targ);

 			errs = 1;

 		}

diff --git a/sftp-client.c b/sftp-client.c

--- a/sftp-client.c	(revision 8241b9c0529228b4b86d88b1a6076fb9f97e4a99)

+++ b/sftp-client.c	(date 1703169614263)

@@ -1003,7 +1003,7 @@

 /* Implements both the realpath and expand-path operations */

 static char *

-sftp_realpath_expand(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *path, int expand)

+sftp_realpath_expand(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *path, int expand, int create_dir)

 {

 	struct sshbuf *msg;

 	u_int expected_id, count, id;

@@ -1049,11 +1049,43 @@

 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &status)) != 0 ||

 		    (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(msg, &errmsg, NULL)) != 0)

 			fatal_fr(r, "parse status");

-		error("%s %s: %s", expand ? "expand" : "realpath",

-		    path, *errmsg == '\0' ? fx2txt(status) : errmsg);

-		free(errmsg);

-		sshbuf_free(msg);

-		return NULL;

+		if ((status == SSH2_FX_NO_SUCH_FILE) && create_dir)  {

+			memset(&a, '\0', sizeof(a));

+			if ((r = sftp_mkdir(conn, path, &a, 0)) != 0) {

+				sshbuf_free(msg);

+				return NULL;

+			}

+			debug2("Sending SSH2_FXP_REALPATH \"%s\" - create dir", path);

+			send_string_request(conn, id, SSH2_FXP_REALPATH,

+					path, strlen(path));

+

+			get_msg(conn, msg);

+			if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(msg, &type)) != 0 ||

+			    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &id)) != 0)

+				fatal_fr(r, "parse");

+

+			if (id != expected_id)

+				fatal("ID mismatch (%u != %u)", id, expected_id);

+

+			if (type == SSH2_FXP_STATUS) {

+				free(errmsg);

+

+				if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &status)) != 0 ||

+				    (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(msg, &errmsg, NULL)) != 0)

+					fatal_fr(r, "parse status");

+				error("%s %s: %s", expand ? "expand" : "realpath",

+				    path, *errmsg == '\0' ? fx2txt(status) : errmsg);

+				free(errmsg);

+				sshbuf_free(msg);

+				return NULL;

+			}

+		} else {

+			error("%s %s: %s", expand ? "expand" : "realpath",

+			    path, *errmsg == '\0' ? fx2txt(status) : errmsg);

+			free(errmsg);

+			sshbuf_free(msg);

+			return NULL;

+		}

 	} else if (type != SSH2_FXP_NAME)

 		fatal("Expected SSH2_FXP_NAME(%u) packet, got %u",

 		    SSH2_FXP_NAME, type);

@@ -1078,9 +1110,9 @@

 }

 char *

-sftp_realpath(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *path)

+sftp_realpath(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *path, int create_dir)

 {

-	return sftp_realpath_expand(conn, path, 0);

+	return sftp_realpath_expand(conn, path, 0, create_dir);

 }

 int

@@ -1094,9 +1126,9 @@

 {

 	if (!sftp_can_expand_path(conn)) {

 		debug3_f("no server support, fallback to realpath");

-		return sftp_realpath_expand(conn, path, 0);

+		return sftp_realpath_expand(conn, path, 0, 0);

 	}

-	return sftp_realpath_expand(conn, path, 1);

+	return sftp_realpath_expand(conn, path, 1, 0);

 }

 int

@@ -2016,7 +2048,7 @@

 	char *src_canon;

 	int ret;

-	if ((src_canon = sftp_realpath(conn, src)) == NULL) {

+	if ((src_canon = sftp_realpath(conn, src, 0)) == NULL) {

 		error("download \"%s\": path canonicalization failed", src);

 		return -1;

 	}

@@ -2365,12 +2397,12 @@

 int

 sftp_upload_dir(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *src, const char *dst,

     int preserve_flag, int print_flag, int resume, int fsync_flag,

-    int follow_link_flag, int inplace_flag)

+    int follow_link_flag, int inplace_flag, int create_dir)

 {

 	char *dst_canon;

 	int ret;

-	if ((dst_canon = sftp_realpath(conn, dst)) == NULL) {

+	if ((dst_canon = sftp_realpath(conn, dst, create_dir)) == NULL) {

 		error("upload \"%s\": path canonicalization failed", dst);

 		return -1;

 	}

@@ -2825,7 +2857,7 @@

 	char *from_path_canon;

 	int ret;

-	if ((from_path_canon = sftp_realpath(from, from_path)) == NULL) {

+	if ((from_path_canon = sftp_realpath(from, from_path, 0)) == NULL) {

 		error("crossload \"%s\": path canonicalization failed",

 		    from_path);

 		return -1;

diff --git a/sftp-client.h b/sftp-client.h

--- a/sftp-client.h	(revision 8241b9c0529228b4b86d88b1a6076fb9f97e4a99)

+++ b/sftp-client.h	(date 1703111691284)

@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@

 int sftp_lsetstat(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *path, Attrib *a);

 /* Canonicalise 'path' - caller must free result */

-char *sftp_realpath(struct sftp_conn *, const char *);

+char *sftp_realpath(struct sftp_conn *, const char *, int);

 /* Canonicalisation with tilde expansion (requires server extension) */

 char *sftp_expand_path(struct sftp_conn *, const char *);

@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@

  * times if 'pflag' is set

  */

 int sftp_upload_dir(struct sftp_conn *, const char *, const char *,

-    int, int, int, int, int, int);

+    int, int, int, int, int, int, int);

 /*

  * Download a 'from_path' from the 'from' connection and upload it to

diff --git a/sftp.c b/sftp.c

--- a/sftp.c	(revision 8241b9c0529228b4b86d88b1a6076fb9f97e4a99)

+++ b/sftp.c	(date 1703168795365)

@@ -807,7 +807,7 @@

 		    (rflag || global_rflag)) {

 			if (sftp_upload_dir(conn, g.gl_pathv[i], abs_dst,

 			    pflag || global_pflag, 1, resume,

-			    fflag || global_fflag, 0, 0) == -1)

+			    fflag || global_fflag, 0, 0, 0) == -1)

 				err = -1;

 		} else {

 			if (sftp_upload(conn, g.gl_pathv[i], abs_dst,

@@ -1642,7 +1642,7 @@

 		if (path1 == NULL || *path1 == '\0')

 			path1 = xstrdup(startdir);

 		path1 = sftp_make_absolute(path1, *pwd);

-		if ((tmp = sftp_realpath(conn, path1)) == NULL) {

+		if ((tmp = sftp_realpath(conn, path1, 0)) == NULL) {

 			err = 1;

 			break;

 		}

@@ -2247,7 +2247,7 @@

 	}

 #endif /* USE_LIBEDIT */

-	if ((remote_path = sftp_realpath(conn, ".")) == NULL)

+	if ((remote_path = sftp_realpath(conn, ".", 0)) == NULL)

 		fatal("Need cwd");

 	startdir = xstrdup(remote_path);