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3.46 trunk/Translations

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3.46.1 Goals

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The <tt>`trunk/Translations'</tt> directory exists to:

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  • Organize translation files.
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  • Organize translation templates used to produce translation files.
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    3.46.2 Description

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    When you create artwork for CentOS distribution you find that some

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    artworks need to be created for different major releases of CentOS
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    distribution and inside each major release they need to be created for
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    different locales. To get an approximate idea of how many files we are
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    talking about, consider the followig approximate statistic:
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    • Inside CentOS distribution, there are around 30 images to
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      rebrand.(1)
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    • There are near to four major releases of CentOS distribution to
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      rebrand in parallel development.(2) 
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    • Each CentOS distribution in parallel development supports more
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      than two hundreds locales.(3)
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      In order to aliviate maintainance of artwork production for such

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      environment, we divided artwork production in three production lines:
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      1. See section trunk/Identity/Themes/Models, to define artworks
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        characteristics (e.g., dimensions, position on the screen, etc.).
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      3. See section trunk/Identity/Themes/Motifs, to define artworks visual
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        styles (e.g., the look and feel).
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      5. Translations, to define which major releases and locales
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        artworks are produced for. 
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        Inside CentOS Artwork Repository, the artworks' translation production

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        line is stored under <tt>`trunk/Translations'</tt> directory.
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        Inside <tt>`trunk/Translations'</tt> directory, we use "translation

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        entries" to organize artworks' "translation files" and artworks'
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        "translation templates".
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        3.46.2.1 Translation Entries

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        Translation entries exists for each artwork you want to produce.

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        Translation entries can be empty directories, or directories
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        containing translation files and translation templates.  
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        When translation entries are empty directories, the identity entry is

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        used as reference to create file names and directories layout for
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        rendered files.  In this case, the centos-art script takes
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        one design template and outputs one non-translated file for each
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        design template available.  This configuration is mainly used to
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        produce non-translatable artworks like themes' backgrounds.
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        When translation entries contain translation files, the translation

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        entry implements the CentOS release schema and is used as reference to
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        create file names and directories layout for translated artworks. In
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        this case, the centos-art script applies one translation
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        file to one design template to create one translated instance which is
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        used to output one translated file. When the translated file is
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        rendered, the centos-art script remove the previous instance
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        and takes the next file in the list of translation files to repate the
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        whole process once again, and so on for all files in the list. This
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        configuration is mainly used to produce translatable artworks like
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        Anaconda's progress slide images.
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        To find out correspondence between translation entries and identity

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        entries, you need to look the path of both translation entries and
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        identity entries. For example, if you are using the Modern's artisitic
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        motif, the identity entry for Anaconda progress artwork is:
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        trunk/Identity/Themes/Motifs/Modern/Distro/Anaconda/Progress
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        and its translation entry is:

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        trunk/Translations/Identity/Themes/Distro/Anaconda/Progress
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        Note how the <tt>`Translations/'</tt> directory prefixes <tt>`Identity/'</tt>

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        directory, also how static values (e.g., Identity, Themes, Distro,
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        etc.) in the identity's entry path remain in translation's entry path,
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        and how variable values like theme names (e.g., Modern) are stript out
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        from translation's entry path. The same convenction can be applied to
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        other identity entries in order to determine their translation
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        entries, or to other translation entries to determine their identity
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        entries.
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        info

        Note

        Translation entries related to identity entries under

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        <tt>`trunk/Identity/Themes/Motifs'</tt> do not use <tt>`Motifs/'</tt> in the
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        path.  We've done this because <tt>`trunk/Identity/Themes/Models'</tt>
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        structure, the other structure under <tt>`trunk/Identity/Themes'</tt>,
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        doesn't require translation paths so far. So in the sake of saving
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        characters space when building translation entries for
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        <tt>`trunk/Identity/Themes/Motifs'</tt> structure, we organize Motifs
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        translation entries under <tt>`trunk/Translations/Identity/Themes/'</tt>
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        directly. 
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        If for some reason <tt>`trunk/Identity/Themes/Models'</tt> structure

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        requires translation entries, we need to re-oraganize the current
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        directory structure accordingly.
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        Translation entries, as described above, can be re-used by similar

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        identity entries. For example the following identity entries:
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        trunk/Identity/Themes/Motifs/Modern/Distro/Anaconda/Progress/
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        trunk/Identity/Themes/Motifs/TreeFlower/Distro/Anaconda/Progress/
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        trunk/Identity/Themes/Motifs/Mettle/Distro/Anaconda/Progress/
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        are all valid identity entries able to re-use translation files inside

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        Anaconda progress translation entry (the one shown in our example
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        above). This way, you can create several identity entries and maintain
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        just one translation entry for all of them.  Once you change the
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        translation files inside the common translation entry, changes inside
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        identity entries will take effect inside the next you render them.
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        Trying to make things plain and simple: inside CentOS Artwork

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        Repository, graphic designers can concentrate their efforts in
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        artworks look and feel (the identity entries), and translators in
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        artworks translations (the translation entries).
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        3.46.2.2 Translation Markers

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        Translation markers are used in "Theme Model Designs" and

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        "Translation Files" as replacement patterns to commit content
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        translation.  When you are rendering content using
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        centos-art script inisde <tt>`trunk/Identity'</tt> structure,
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        artistic motifs and translation files are applied to model designs to
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        produce translated content as result. In order to have the appropriate
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        translation in content rendered, markers defintion in translation
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        files should match markers in model designs exactly. 
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        Translation Markers

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        Figure 3.2: The image rendering flow.

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        Translation markers can be whatever text you want, but as convenction

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        we use the following to represent releases of CentOS distribution:
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        <samp>`=MINOR_RELEASE='</samp>
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        Replace with minor release of CentOS distribution. In the schema M.N, the minor

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        release is represented by the N letter.
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        <samp>`=MAJOR_RELEASE='</samp>
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        Replace with major release of CentOS distribution. In the schema M.N,

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        the major release is represented by the M letter.
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        <samp>`=RELEASE='</samp>
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        Replace the full release of CentOS distribution. It is

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        <samp>`=MAJOR_RELEASE=.=MINOR_RELEASE='</samp> basically. 
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        Specific translation markers convenctions are described inside

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        specific translation entries. Read translation entries documentation
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        to know more about supported translation markers.
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        Translation markers standardization creates a common point of

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        reference for translators and graphic designers. To have translation
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        markers well defined makes possible that translators and graphic
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        designers can work together but independently one another.
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        3.46.2.3 Translation Files

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        Translation files are text files with sed's commands inside,

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        replacement commands mainly. As convenction, translation file names
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        end in <samp>`.sed'</samp>. Translation files are used by centos-art
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        script to produce translated artworks for specific major releases of
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        CentOS Distribution. There are common translation files, specific
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        translation, and template translation files.
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        For example, the Firstboot artwork of CentOS distribution uses the

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        images <tt>`splash-small.png'</tt> and <tt>`firstboot-left.png'</tt> as based
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        to control its visual style. The <tt>`splash-small.png'</tt> image
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        contains, in its graphic design, the release number information of
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        CentOS distribution. So the <tt>`splash-small.png'</tt> is
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        release-specific. In the other hand, the <tt>`firstboot-left.png'</tt>
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        doesn't contain release number information. So the
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        <tt>`firstboot-left.png'</tt> is not release-specific.
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        If we want to produce Firstboot artwork for different major releases

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        of CentOS distribution, using a monolithic visual identity, all
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        Firstboot images should have the same visual style and, at the same
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        time, the release-specific information in the release-specific images. 
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        info

        Note

        The monolithic visual identity is implemented using

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        theme models (see section trunk/Identity/Themes/Models) and artistic
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        motifs (see section trunk/Identity/Themes/Motifs).
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        Assuming that both theme models and theme motifs are ready for using,

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        the initial translation entry to produce Firstboot artworks would look
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        like the following:
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        trunk/Translations/Identity/Themes/Distro/BootUp/Firstboot/
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        |-- Tpl
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        |   `-- splash-small.sed
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        `-- firstboot-left.sed
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        With the translation entry above, centos-art command is able

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        to produce the image <tt>`firstboot-left.png'</tt> only. To produce
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        <tt>`splash-small.png'</tt> images for major releases (e.g., 3, 4, 5, and
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        6) of CentOS distribution we need to produce the release-specific
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        translation files using the centos-art script as following:
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        centos-art render --translation=/home/centos/artwork/trunk/Translations/Identity/Themes/BootUp/Firstboot --filter='3,4,5,6'
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        The above command produces the following translation entiry:

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        trunk/Translations/Identity/Themes/Distro/BootUp/Firstboot/
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        |-- 3
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        |   `-- splash-small.sed
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        |-- 4
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        |   `-- splash-small.sed
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        |-- 5
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        |   `-- splash-small.sed
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        |-- 6
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        |   `-- splash-small.sed
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        |-- Tpl
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        |   `-- splash-small.sed
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        `-- firstboot-left.sed
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        At this point centos-art is able to produce the Firstboot

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        artwork images for major releases of CentOS distribution. To add new
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        release-specific translation files, run the translation rendering
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        command with the release number you want to produce translation files
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        for in the <samp>`--filter='release-number''</samp> argument.
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        3.46.2.4 Template Translation Files

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        Template translation files are translation files stored inside

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        translation template directory. Template translation files are used by
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        centos-art script to produce specific translation files
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        only. Template translation files may be empty or contain
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        sed's replacement commands. If template translation files
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        are empty files, the final specifc translation file built from it
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        contains release-specific replacement commands only. For example,
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        see the following translation entry:
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        trunk/Translations/Identity/Themes/Distro/BootUp/Firstboot/
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        |-- 3
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        |   `-- splash-small.sed
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        |-- 4
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        |   `-- splash-small.sed
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        |-- 5
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        |   `-- splash-small.sed
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        |-- 6
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        |   `-- splash-small.sed
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        |-- Tpl
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        |   `-- splash-small.sed    <-- template translation file.
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        `-- firstboot-left.sed
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        In the above exmaple, the <tt>`splash-small.sed'</tt> file is a template

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        translation file and looks like:
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        # -------------------------------------
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        # $Id: Translations.texi 94 2010-09-18 10:59:42Z al $
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        # -------------------------------------
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        In the above template translation file there are three comments lines,

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        but when you render it, the centos-art adds the
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        release-specific replacement commands. In our Firstboot example, after
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        rendering Firstboot translation entry, the <tt>`splash-small.sed'</tt>
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        translation file specific to CentOS 5, looks like the following:
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        # Warning: Do not modify this file directly. This file is created
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        # automatically using 'centos-art' command line interface.  Any change
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        # you do in this file will be lost the next time you update
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        # translation files using 'centos-art' command line interface. If you
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        # want to improve the content of this translation file, improve its
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        # template file instead and run the 'centos-art' command line
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        # interface later to propagate your changes.
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        # -------------------------------------
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        # $Id: Translations.texi 94 2010-09-18 10:59:42Z al $
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        # -------------------------------------
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        # Release number information.
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        s!=RELEASE=!=MAJOR_RELEASE=.=MINOR_RELEASE=!g
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        s!=MINOR_RELEASE=!0!g
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        s!=MAJOR_RELEASE=!5!g
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        If template translation files are not empty, replacement commands

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        inside template translation files are preserved inside
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        release-specific translation files.  For example, consider the English
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        template translation file of Anaconda progress welcome slide.  The
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        translation template directory structure looks like the following:
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        trunk/Translations/Identity/Themes/Distro/Anaconda/Progress/
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        `-- Tpl
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            `-- en
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                `-- 01-welcome.sed
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        and if we render translation files for CentOS 4 and CentOS 5 major

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        releases, the translation entry would look like the following:
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        trunk/Translations/Identity/Themes/Distro/Anaconda/Progress/
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        |-- 4
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        |   `-- en
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        |       `-- 01-welcome.sed
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        |-- 5
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        |   `-- en
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        |       `-- 01-welcome.sed
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        `-- Tpl
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            `-- en
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                `-- 01-welcome.sed
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        info

        Note

        Release-specific translation directories preserve

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        template translation directory structure and file names.
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        In the example above, the template translation file looks like the

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        following:
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        # ------------------------------------------------------------
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        # $Id: Translations.texi 94 2010-09-18 10:59:42Z al $
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        # ------------------------------------------------------------
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        s/=TITLE=/Welcome to CentOS =MAJOR_RELEASE= !/
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        s/=TEXT1=/Thank you for installing CentOS =MAJOR_RELEASE=./
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        s/=TEXT2=/CentOS is an enterprise-class Linux Distribution derived from sources freely provided to the public by a prominent North American Enterprise Linux vendor./
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        s/=TEXT3=/CentOS conforms fully with the upstream vendors redistribution policy and aims to be 100% binary compatible. CentOS mainly changes packages to remove upstream vendor branding and artwork./
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        s/=TEXT4=//
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        s/=TEXT5=//
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        s/=TEXT6=//
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        s!=URL=!http://www.centos.org/!
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        and, after render the translation entry, specific translation files

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        look like the following:
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        # Warning: Do not modify this file directly. This file is created
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        # automatically using 'centos-art' command line interface.  Any change
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        # you do in this file will be lost the next time you update
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        # translation files using 'centos-art' command line interface. If you
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        # want to improve the content of this translation file, improve its
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        # template file instead and run the 'centos-art' command line
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        # interface later to propagate your changes.
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        # ------------------------------------------------------------
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        # $Id: Translations.texi 94 2010-09-18 10:59:42Z al $
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        # ------------------------------------------------------------
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        s/=TITLE=/Welcome to CentOS =MAJOR_RELEASE= !/
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        s/=TEXT1=/Thank you for installing CentOS =MAJOR_RELEASE=./
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        s/=TEXT2=/CentOS is an enterprise-class Linux Distribution derived from sources freely provided to the public by a prominen t North American Enterprise Linux vendor./
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        s/=TEXT3=/CentOS conforms fully with the upstream vendors redistribution policy and aims to be 100% binary compatible. Cent OS mainly changes packages to remove upstream vendor branding and artwork./
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        s/=TEXT4=//
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        s/=TEXT5=//
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        s/=TEXT6=//
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        s!=URL=!http://www.centos.org/!
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        # Release number information.
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        s!=RELEASE=!=MAJOR_RELEASE=.=MINOR_RELEASE=!g
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        s!=MINOR_RELEASE=!0!g
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        s!=MAJOR_RELEASE=!5!g
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        In the example above, relevant lines begin with the <samp>`s'</samp> word

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        followed by a separation character (e.g., <samp>`/'</samp>, <samp>`!'</samp>, etc.).
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        These lines have the following format:
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        s/REGEXP/REPLACEMENT/FLAGS
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        The <samp>`/'</samp> characters may be uniformly replaced by any other single

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        character within any given s command.  The <samp>`/'</samp>
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        character (or whatever other character is used in its stead) can
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        appear in the REGEXP or REPLACEMENT only if it is preceded by a
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        <samp>`\'</samp> character.
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        The s command is probably the most important in

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        sed and has a lot of different options.  Its basic concept
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        is simple: the s command attempts to match the pattern space
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        against the supplied REGEXP; if the match is successful, then that
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        portion of the pattern space which was matched is replaced with
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        REPLACEMENT.
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        In the context of our translation files, the REGEXP is where you

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        define translation markers and REPLACEMENT where you define the
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        translation text you want to have after artworks rendering.  Sometimes
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        we use the FLAG component with the <samp>`g'</samp> command to apply the
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        replacements globally.
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        Info

        Tip

        More information about how to use sed's

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        replacement commands and flags is available in sed's
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        documentation manual. To read sed's documentation manual type the
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        following command: 
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        info sed
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        Inside translation files, you can use translation markers not only

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        inside the REGEXP but in the REPLACEMENT too. In order for this
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        configuration to work, the REPLACEMENT of translation markers needs to
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        be define after its definition. For example, see in the
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        release-specific translation file above, how the
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        <samp>`s!=MAJOR_RELASE=!5!g'</samp> replacement command is defined
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        after <samp>`=MAJOR_RELASE='</samp> translation marker definition in
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        the REPLACEMENT of <samp>`=TITLE='</samp> translation marker replacement
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        command.
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        3.46.2.5 Common Translation Files

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        Common translation files contain common translations or no

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        translation at all for their related artworks.  They are in the root
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        directory of the translation entry. Common translation files create
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        common artworks for all major releases of CentOS Distribution. 
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        Translation entries, with common translation files inside, look like

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        the following:
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        trunk/Translations/Identity/Themes/Distro/BootUp/Firstboot/
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        |-- 3
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        |   `-- splash-small.sed
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        |-- 4
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        |   `-- splash-small.sed
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        |-- 5
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        |   `-- splash-small.sed
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        |-- 6
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        |   `-- splash-small.sed
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        |-- Tpl
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        |   `-- splash-small.sed
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        `-- firstboot-left.sed      <-- common translation file.
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        3.46.2.6 Specific Translation Files

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        Specific translation files contain specific translations for their

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        related artworks. Specific translation files are not in the root
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        directory of the translation entry, but inside directories which
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        describe the type of translation they are doing. Specific translation
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        files are produced automatically using the centos-art
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        script.
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        trunk/Translations/Identity/Themes/Distro/BootUp/Firstboot/
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        |-- 3
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        |   `-- splash-small.sed    <-- CentOS 3 specific translation file.
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        |-- 4
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        |   `-- splash-small.sed    <-- CentOS 4 specific translation file.
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        |-- 5
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        |   `-- splash-small.sed    <-- CentOS 5 specific translation file.
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        |-- 6
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        |   `-- splash-small.sed    <-- CentOS 6 specific translation file.
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        |-- Tpl
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        |   `-- splash-small.sed
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        `-- firstboot-left.sed
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        3.46.2.7 Translation Rendering

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        When rendering translations, the centos-art script checks

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        the translation entry to verify that it has a translation template
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        directory inside. The translation template directory (<tt>`Tpl/'</tt>)
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        contains common translation files used to build release-specific
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        translation files. If the translation template directory doesn't exist
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        inside the translation entry the translation rendering fails. In this
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        case the centos-art script outputs a message and quits
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        script execution.
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        3.46.2.8 Translation (Pre-)Rendering Configuration Scripts

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        When the centos-art script finds a translation template

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        directory inside translation entry, it looks for translations
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        pre-rendering configuration scripts for that translation entry.
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        Translation pre-rendering configuration scripts let you extend
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        translation's default functionality (described below). 
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        Translation pre-rendering configuration scripts are stored under

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        <tt>`trunk/Scripts'</tt> directory, specifically under the appropriate
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        language implementation. If you are using centos-art Bash's
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        implementation, the translation pre-rendering scripts are store in the
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        <tt>`trunk/Scripts/Bash/Config'</tt> location; if you are using
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        centos-art Python's implementation, then translation
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        pre-rendering scripts are stored in the
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        <tt>`trunk/Scripts/Python/Config'</tt> location, and so on for other
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        implementations.
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        Bash's translation pre-rendering configuration scripts look like the

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        following:
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        #!/bin/bash
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        #
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        # loadConfiguration.sh -- brief description here.
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        #
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        # Copyright (C) YEAR YOURNAME
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        # 
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        # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
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        # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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        # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
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        # (at your option) any later version.
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        # 
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        # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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        # WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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        # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
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        # General Public License for more details.
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        #
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        # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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        # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
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        # Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307
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        # USA.
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        # 
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        # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
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        # $Id: Translations.texi 94 2010-09-18 10:59:42Z al $
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        # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
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        function loadConfiguration {
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        ...
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        }
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        Translation pre-rendering scripts are function scripts loaded and

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        executed when rendering a translation entry. Translation pre-rendering
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        scripts are loaded using the translation entry being rendered as
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        reference. For example, suppose you are using the
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        centos-art Bash's implementation, and you are rendering
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        translations for CentOS brands, in this situation the translation
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        entry would be:
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        trunk/Translations/Identity/Brands
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        and the entry inside the translation pre-rendering configuration

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        structure would be:
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        trunk/Scripts/Bash/Config/Identity/Brands
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        Once the centos-art script detects that translation

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        pre-rendering configuration directory exists, the centos-art
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        script looks for the translation pre-rendering configuration file.  If
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        the translation pre-rendering configuration file exists, it is loaded
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        and executed.  Once the translation pre-rendering configuration file
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        has been executed the translation rendering process is over, and so
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        the script execution.
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        info

        Note

        Translation pre-rendering configuration files have the

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        following form:
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        render.conf.extension
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        where <samp>`extension'</samp> refers the programming language implementation

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        you are using. For example, <samp>`sh'</samp> for Bash's, <samp>`py'</samp> for
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        Python's, <samp>`pl'</samp> for Perl's, and so on for other implementations.
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        As we are using Bash implementation to describe the translation

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        pre-rendering configuration example, the translation pre-rendering
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        configuration file that centos-art looks for, inside the
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        above translation pre-rendering configuration directory, is
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        <tt>`render.conf.sh'</tt>.
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        3.46.2.9 Translation Rendering Default Functionality

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        In the other hand, if the translation pre-rendering configuration file

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        doesn't exist, or it isn't written as function script, the
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        centos-art script ignore translation pre-rendering
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        configuration functionality and passes to render translation using
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        default functionality instead.
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        The translation rendering default functionality takes template

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        translation directory structure, duplicates it for each release number
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        specified in the <samp>`--filter='release-number''</samp> argument and
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        produces release-specific directories. As part of template translation
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        duplication process take place, the centos-art script adds
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        release-specific replacement commands to each specific translation
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        file inside release-specific directories. As result, specific
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        translation files, inside release-specific directories, contain
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        template translation replacement commands plus,
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        release-specific replacement commands.
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        info

        Note

        Release-specific replacement commands are standardized

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        inside centos-art script using predifined release
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        translation markers. Release translation markers are described in the
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        translation marker section
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        (see Translation Markers).
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        3.46.3 Usage

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        <samp>`centos-art render 'path/to/dir''</samp>
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        When <samp>`path/to/dir'</samp> refers one directory under

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        <samp>`trunk/Translations'</samp>, this command orverwrites available
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        translation files using translation templates.
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        <samp>`centos-art render 'path/to/dir' --filter='pattern''</samp>
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        When <samp>`path/to/dir'</samp> refers one directory under

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        <tt>`trunk/Translations'</tt>, this command renders release-specific
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        translation files as you specify in the <samp>`--filter='pattern''</samp>
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        argument. In this case, <samp>`pattern'</samp> not a regular expression but an
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        number (e.g., <samp>`5'</samp>) or a list of numbers separated by commas
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        (e.g., <samp>`3,4,5,6'</samp>) that specify the major release of CentOS
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        distribution you want to render translations for.  
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        3.46.4 See also

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        3.48 trunk/Translations/Identity/Brands  
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        3.50 trunk/Translations/Identity/Fonts  
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        3.51 trunk/Translations/Identity/Models  
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        3.52 trunk/Translations/Identity/Release  
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        3.53 trunk/Translations/Identity/Themes  
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        3.1 trunk/Identity  
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