<appendix id="licenses-gpl">

    <title>GNU General Public License</title>

    <para>Version 2, June 1991</para>

    <para>Copyright © 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

    675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA</para>

    <para>Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies

    of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.</para>

    <sect1 id="licenses-gpl-0" xreflabel="Preamble">

    <title>Preamble</title>

    <para>The licenses for most software are designed to take away

    your freedom to share and change it.  By contrast, the GNU General

    Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and

    change free software–to make sure the software is free for

    all its users.  This General Public License applies to most of the

    Free Software Foundation's software and to any other program whose

    authors commit to using it.  (Some other Free Software Foundation

    software is covered by the GNU Library General Public License

    instead.)  You can apply it to your programs, too.</para>

    <para>When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom,

    not price.  Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure

    that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software

    (and charge for this service if you wish), that you receive source

    code or can get it if you want it, that you can change the

    software or use pieces of it in new free programs; and that you

    know you can do these things.</para>

    <para>To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that

    forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender

    the rights.  These restrictions translate to certain

    responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of the software,

    or if you modify it.</para>

    <para>For example, if you distribute copies of such a program,

    whether gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the

    rights that you have.  You must make sure that they, too, receive

    or can get the source code.  And you must show them these terms so

    they know their rights.</para>

    <para>We protect your rights with two steps:

    <orderedlist numeration="arabic">

        <listitem>

            <para>copyright the software, and</para> 

        </listitem>

        <listitem>

            <para>offer you this license which gives you legal

            permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the

            software.</para>

        </listitem>

    </orderedlist>

    </para>

    <para>Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make

    certain that everyone understands that there is no warranty for

    this free software.  If the software is modified by someone else

    and passed on, we want its recipients to know that what they have

    is not the original, so that any problems introduced by others

    will not reflect on the original authors' reputations.</para>

    <para>Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by

    software patents.  We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors

    of a free program will individually obtain patent licenses, in

    effect making the program proprietary.  To prevent this, we have

    made it clear that any patent must be licensed for everyone's free

    use or not licensed at all.</para>

    <para>The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution

    and modification follow.</para> 

    </sect1>

    <sect1 id="licenses-gpl-1">

    <title>Terms and Conditions for Copying, Distribution and Modification</title>

        <sect2 id="licenses-gpl-1-1" xreflabel="Section 1">

        <title>Section 1</title>

        <para>You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the

        Program's source code as you receive it, in any medium,

        provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on

        each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of

        warranty; keep intact all the notices that refer to this

        License and to the absence of any warranty; and give any other

        recipients of the Program a copy of this License along with

        the Program.</para>

        <para>You may charge a fee for the physical act of

        transferring a copy, and you may at your option offer warranty

        protection in exchange for a fee.</para>

        </sect2>

        <sect2 id="licenses-gpl-1-2" xreflabel="Section 2">

            <title>Section 2</title>

            <para>You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or

            any portion of it, thus forming a work based on the

            Program, and copy and distribute such modifications or

            work under the terms of 

            /> above, provided that you also meet all of these

            conditions:</para>

            <orderedlist numeration="loweralpha">

            <listitem>

            <para>You must cause the modified files to carry prominent

            notices stating that you changed the files and the date of

            any change.</para>

            </listitem>

            <listitem>

            <para>You must cause any work that you distribute or

            publish, that in whole or in part contains or is derived

            from the Program or any part thereof, to be licensed as a

            whole at no charge to all third parties under the terms of

            this License.</para>

            </listitem>

            <listitem>

            <para>If the modified program normally reads commands

            interactively when run, you must cause it, when started

            running for such interactive use in the most ordinary way,

            to print or display an announcement including an

            appropriate copyright notice and a notice that there is no

            warranty (or else, saying that you provide a warranty) and

            that users may redistribute the program under these

            conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of

            this License.  

            <note>

            <title>Exception</title>

            <para>

            If the Program itself is interactive but does not

            normally print such an announcement, your work based

            on the Program is not required to print an

            announcement.

            </para>

            </note>

            </para>

            </listitem>

            </orderedlist>

            <para>These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole.

            If identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the

            Program, and can be reasonably considered independent and separate

            works in themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not

            apply to those sections when you distribute them as separate

            works.  But when you distribute the same sections as part of a

            whole which is a work based on the Program, the distribution of

            the whole must be on the terms of this License, whose permissions

            for other licensees extend to the entire whole, and thus to each

            and every part regardless of who wrote it.</para>

            <para>Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights

            or contest your rights to work written entirely by you; rather,

            the intent is to exercise the right to control the distribution of

            derivative or collective works based on the Program.</para>

            <para>In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on

            the Program with the Program (or with a work based on the Program)

            on a volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the

            other work under the scope of this License.</para>

        </sect2>

        <sect2 id="licenses-gpl-1-3" xreflabel="Section 3">

            <title>Section 3</title>

            <para>You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work

            based on it, under <xref linkend="licenses-gpl-1-2" />) in

            object code or executable form under the terms of 

            linkend="licenses-gpl-1-1" /> and 

            linkend="licenses-gpl-1-2" /> above provided that you also

            do one of the following:

            <orderedlist numeration="loweralpha">

            <listitem>

                <para>

                    Accompany it with the complete corresponding

                    machine-readable source code, which must be

                    distributed under the terms of 

                    linkend="licenses-gpl-1-1" /> and 

                    linkend="licenses-gpl-1-2" /> above on a medium

                    customarily used for software interchange;

                    or,

                </para>

            </listitem>

            <listitem>

                <para>

                    Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at

                    least three years, to give any third party, for a

                    charge no more than your cost of physically

                    performing source distribution, a complete

                    machine-readable copy of the corresponding source

                    code, to be distributed under the terms of 

                    linkend="licenses-gpl-1-1" /> and 

                    linkend="licenses-gpl-1-2" /> above on a medium

                    customarily used for software interchange;

                    or,

                </para>

            </listitem>

            <listitem>

                <para>

                    Accompany it with the information you received as

                    to the offer to distribute corresponding source

                    code.  (This alternative is allowed only for

                    noncommercial distribution and only if you

                    received the program in object code or executable

                    form with such an offer, in accord with Subsection

                    b above.)

                </para>

            </listitem>

            </orderedlist>

            </para>

            <para>The source code for a work means the preferred form of the

            work for making modifications to it.  For an executable work,

            complete source code means all the source code for all modules it

            contains, plus any associated interface definition files, plus the

            scripts used to control compilation and installation of the

            executable.  However, as a special exception, the source code

            distributed need not include anything that is normally distributed

            (in either source or binary form) with the major components

            (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the operating system on which the

            executable runs, unless that component itself accompanies the

            executable.</para>

            <para>If distribution of executable or object code is made by

            offering access to copy from a designated place, then offering

            equivalent access to copy the source code from the same place

            counts as distribution of the source code, even though third

            parties are not compelled to copy the source along with the object

            code.</para>

        </sect2>

        <sect2 id="licenses-gpl-1-4" xreflabel="Section 4">

            <title>Section 4</title>

            <para>You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the

            Program except as expressly provided under this License.  Any

            attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the

            Program is void, and will automatically terminate your rights

            under this License.  However, parties who have received copies, or

            rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses

            terminated so long as such parties remain in full

            compliance.</para>

        </sect2>

        <sect2 id="licenses-gpl-1-5" xreflabel="Section 5">

            <title>Section 5</title>

            <para>You are not required to accept this License, since you have

            not signed it.  However, nothing else grants you permission to

            modify or distribute the Program or its derivative works.  These

            actions are prohibited by law if you do not accept this License.

            Therefore, by modifying or distributing the Program (or any work

            based on the Program), you indicate your acceptance of this

            License to do so, and all its terms and conditions for copying,

            distributing or modifying the Program or works based on it.</para>

        </sect2>

        <sect2 id="licenses-gpl-1-6" xreflabel="Section 6">

            <title>Section 6</title>

            <para>Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on

            the Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from

            the original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program

            subject to these terms and conditions.  You may not impose any

            further restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights

            granted herein.  You are not responsible for enforcing compliance

            by third parties to this License.</para>

       </sect2>

       <sect2 id="licenses-gpl-1-7" xreflabel="Section 7">

            <title>Section 7</title>

            <para>If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of

            patent infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent

            issues), conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order,

            agreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this

            License, they do not excuse you from the conditions of this

            License.  If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously

            your obligations under this License and any other pertinent

            obligations, then as a consequence you may not distribute the

            Program at all.  For example, if a patent license would not permit

            royalty-free redistribution of the Program by all those who

            receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then the only

            way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain

            entirely from distribution of the Program.</para>

            <para>If any portion of this section is held invalid or

            unenforceable under any particular circumstance, the balance of

            the section is intended to apply and the section as a whole is

            intended to apply in other circumstances.</para>

            <para>It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to

            infringe any patents or other property right claims or to contest

            validity of any such claims; this section has the sole purpose of

            protecting the integrity of the free software distribution system,

            which is implemented by public license practices.  Many people

            have made generous contributions to the wide range of software

            distributed through that system in reliance on consistent

            application of that system; it is up to the author/donor to decide

            if he or she is willing to distribute software through any other

            system and a licensee cannot impose that choice.</para>

            <para>This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is

            believed to be a consequence of the rest of this License.</para>

        </sect2>

        <sect2 id="licenses-gpl-1-8" xreflabel="Section 8">

            <title>Section 8</title>

            <para>If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted

            in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted

            interfaces, the original copyright holder who places the Program

            under this License may add an explicit geographical distribution

            limitation excluding those countries, so that distribution is

            permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded.  In such

            case, this License incorporates the limitation as if written in

            the body of this License.</para>

       </sect2>

       <sect2 id="licenses-gpl-1-9" xreflabel="Section 9">

            <title>Section 9</title>

            <para>The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new

            versions of the General Public License from time to time.  Such

            new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but

            may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.</para>

            <para>Each version is given a distinguishing version number.  If

            the Program specifies a version number of this License which

            applies to it and <quote>any later version</quote>, you have the

            option of following the terms and conditions either of that

            version or of any later version published by the Free Software

            Foundation.  If the Program does not specify a version number of

            this License, you may choose any version ever published by the

            Free Software Foundation.</para>

       </sect2>

       <sect2 id="licenses-gpl-1-10" xreflabel="Section 10">

       <title>Section 10</title>

            <para>If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other

            free programs whose distribution conditions are different, write

            to the author to ask for permission.  For software which is

            copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free

            Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this.  Our

            decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free

            status of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting

            the sharing and reuse of software generally.</para>

       </sect2>

        <sect2 id="licenses-gpl-1-11" xreflabel="NO WARRANTY">

       <title>NO WARRANTY</title>

       <subtitle>Section 11</subtitle>

            <para>BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO

            WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE

            LAW.  EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT

            HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM <quote>AS IS</quote> WITHOUT

            WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT

            NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND

            FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE

            QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU.  SHOULD THE

            PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY

            SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.</para>

       </sect2>

       <sect2 id="licenses-gpl-1-12" xreflabel="Section 12">

            <title>Section 12</title>

            <para>IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO

            IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY

            MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE

            LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL,

            INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR

            INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF

            DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU

            OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY

            OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN

            ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.</para>

            <para><emphasis>End of Terms and Conditions.</emphasis></para>

        </sect2>

    </sect1>

    <sect1 id="licenses-gpl-2" xreflabel="How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs">

        <title>How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs</title>

        <para>If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of

        the greatest possible use to the public, the best way to

        achieve this is to make it free software which everyone can

        redistribute and change under these terms.</para>

        <para>To do so, attach the following notices to the program.

        It is safest to attach them to the start of each source file

        to most effectively convey the exclusion of warranty; and each

        file should have at least the <quote>copyright</quote> line

        and a pointer to where the full notice is found.</para>

<programlisting>

<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>

Copyright (C) 19yy  <name of author>

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify

it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or

(at your option) any later version.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the

GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License

along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software

Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

</programlisting>

        <para>Also add information on how to contact you by electronic

        and paper mail.</para>

        <para>If the program is interactive, make it output a short

        notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:</para>

<programlisting>

Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19yy name of author

Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.

This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it

under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.

</programlisting>

        <para>The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should

        show the appropriate parts of the General Public License.  Of

        course, the commands you use may be called something other

        than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be mouse-clicks or

        menu items–whatever suits your program.</para>

        <para>You should also get your employer (if you work as a

        programmer) or your school, if any, to sign a <quote>copyright

        disclaimer</quote> for the program, if necessary.  Here is a

        sample; alter the names:</para>

<programlisting>

Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program

`Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.

<signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989

Ty Coon, President of Vice

</programlisting>

        <para>This General Public License does not permit

        incorporating your program into proprietary programs.  If your

        program is a subroutine library, you may consider it more

        useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the

        library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library

        General Public License instead of this License.</para>

    </sect1>

</appendix>